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FRC?","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch01-why-java-for-frc\u002F1.1-why-java-for-frc",{"path":9,"title":10,"stem":11},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch01-why-java-for-frc\u002F2-intro-to-algorithms-programming-and-compilers","Intro to Algorithms, Programming & Compilers","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch01-why-java-for-frc\u002F1.2-intro-to-algorithms-programming-and-compilers",{"path":13,"title":14,"stem":15},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch02-variables-and-types\u002F1-variables-and-data-types","Variables & Data Types","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch02-variables-and-types\u002F2.1-variables-and-data-types",{"path":17,"title":18,"stem":19},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch02-variables-and-types\u002F2-expressions-and-output","Expressions & Output","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch02-variables-and-types\u002F2.2-expressions-and-output",{"path":21,"title":22,"stem":23},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch02-variables-and-types\u002F3-assignment-and-input","Assignment & Input","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch02-variables-and-types\u002F2.3-assignment-and-input",{"path":25,"title":26,"stem":27},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch02-variables-and-types\u002F4-casting-and-ranges-of-values","Casting & Ranges of Values","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch02-variables-and-types\u002F2.4-casting-and-ranges-of-values",{"path":29,"title":30,"stem":31},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch02-variables-and-types\u002F5-compound-assignment-operators","Compound Assignment Operators","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch02-variables-and-types\u002F2.5-compound-assignment-operators",{"path":33,"title":34,"stem":35},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch03-apis-libraries-and-documentation\u002F1-apis-and-libraries","APIs and Libraries","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch03-apis-libraries-and-documentation\u002F3.1-apis-and-libraries",{"path":37,"title":38,"stem":39},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch03-apis-libraries-and-documentation\u002F2-documentation-with-comments-and-preconditions","Documentation with Comments and Preconditions","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch03-apis-libraries-and-documentation\u002F3.2-documentation-with-comments-and-preconditions",{"path":41,"title":42,"stem":43},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch03-apis-libraries-and-documentation\u002F3-packages-and-imports","Packages & Imports","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch03-apis-libraries-and-documentation\u002F3.3-packages-and-imports",{"path":45,"title":46,"stem":47},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F1-methods-signatures-and-parameters","Methods, Signatures & Parameters","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F4.1-methods-signatures-and-parameters",{"path":49,"title":50,"stem":51},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F2-calling-class-methods","Calling Class Methods","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F4.2-calling-class-methods",{"path":53,"title":54,"stem":55},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F3-using-the-math-class","Using the Math Class","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F4.3-using-the-math-class",{"path":57,"title":58,"stem":59},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F4-objects-instances-of-classes","Objects — Instances of Classes","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F4.4-objects-instances-of-classes",{"path":61,"title":62,"stem":63},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F5-creating-and-initializing-objects-constructors","Creating & Initializing Objects: Constructors","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F4.5-creating-and-initializing-objects-constructors",{"path":65,"title":66,"stem":67},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F6-calling-instance-methods","Calling Instance Methods","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F4.6-calling-instance-methods",{"path":69,"title":70,"stem":71},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F1-5.2-if-statements-and-for-loops","Control Structures: if Statements & For Loops","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5.1-5.2-if-statements-and-for-loops",{"path":73,"title":74,"stem":75},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F10-nested-iteration","Nested Iteration","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5.10-nested-iteration",{"path":77,"title":78,"stem":79},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F11-informal-runtime-analysis-of-loops","Informal Runtime Analysis of Loops","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5.11-informal-runtime-analysis-of-loops",{"path":81,"title":82,"stem":83},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F3-algorithms-with-selection-and-repetition","Algorithms with Selection and Repetition","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5.3-algorithms-with-selection-and-repetition",{"path":85,"title":86,"stem":87},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F4-boolean-expressions","Boolean Expressions","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5.4-boolean-expressions",{"path":89,"title":90,"stem":91},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5-nested-if-statements","Nested if Statements","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5.5-nested-if-statements",{"path":93,"title":94,"stem":95},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F6-compound-boolean-expressions","Compound Boolean Expressions","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5.6-compound-boolean-expressions",{"path":97,"title":98,"stem":99},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F7-comparing-boolean-expressions-de-morgans-laws","Comparing Boolean Expressions (De Morgan's Laws)","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5.7-comparing-boolean-expressions-de-morgans-laws",{"path":101,"title":102,"stem":103},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F8-while-loops","While Loops","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5.8-while-loops",{"path":105,"title":106,"stem":107},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F9-implementing-selection-and-iteration-algorithms","Implementing Selection and Iteration Algorithms","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5.9-implementing-selection-and-iteration-algorithms",{"path":109,"title":110,"stem":111},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch06-strings\u002F1-strings","Strings","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch06-strings\u002F6.1-strings",{"path":113,"title":114,"stem":115},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch06-strings\u002F2-string-algorithms","String Algorithms","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch06-strings\u002F6.2-string-algorithms",{"path":117,"title":118,"stem":119},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch07-the-class-blueprint\u002F1-anatomy-of-a-java-class","The Class Blueprint","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch07-the-class-blueprint\u002F7.1-anatomy-of-a-java-class",{"path":121,"title":122,"stem":123},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch07-the-class-blueprint\u002F2-methods-how-to-write-them","Methods: How to Write Them","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch07-the-class-blueprint\u002F7.2-methods-how-to-write-them",{"path":125,"title":126,"stem":127},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch07-the-class-blueprint\u002F3-methods-passing-and-returning-references-of-an-object","Methods: Passing & Returning References of an Object","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch07-the-class-blueprint\u002F7.3-methods-passing-and-returning-references-of-an-object",{"path":129,"title":130,"stem":131},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch07-the-class-blueprint\u002F4-class-static-variables-and-methods","Class (static) Variables & Methods","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch07-the-class-blueprint\u002F7.4-class-static-variables-and-methods",{"path":133,"title":134,"stem":135},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch08-constructors-and-this\u002F1-8.2-constructors-and-this","Constructors & \"this\"","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch08-constructors-and-this\u002F8.1-8.2-constructors-and-this",{"path":137,"title":138,"stem":139},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F1-array-creation-and-access","Array Creation and Access","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F9.1-array-creation-and-access",{"path":141,"title":142,"stem":143},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F2-arraylist-and-its-methods","ArrayList and its Methods","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F9.2-arraylist-and-its-methods",{"path":145,"title":146,"stem":147},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F3-optional-hashmap-dictionary-data-structure","Optional: HashMap (Dictionary) Data Structure","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F9.3-optional-hashmap-dictionary-data-structure",{"path":149,"title":150,"stem":151},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F4-array-traversals","Array Traversals","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F9.4-array-traversals",{"path":153,"title":154,"stem":155},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F5-implementing-array-algorithms","Implementing Array Algorithms","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F9.5-implementing-array-algorithms",{"path":157,"title":158,"stem":159},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F6-arraylist-traversals","ArrayList Traversals","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F9.6-arraylist-traversals",{"path":161,"title":162,"stem":163},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F7-implementing-arraylist-algorithms","Implementing ArrayList Algorithms","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F9.7-implementing-arraylist-algorithms",{"path":165,"title":166,"stem":167},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F8-using-text-files","Using Text Files","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F9.8-using-text-files",{"path":169,"title":170,"stem":171},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch10-2d-arrays\u002F1-2d-array-creation-and-access","2D Array Creation and Access","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch10-2d-arrays\u002F10.1-2d-array-creation-and-access",{"path":173,"title":174,"stem":175},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch10-2d-arrays\u002F2-2d-array-traversals-nested-loops","2D Array Traversals: Nested Loops","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch10-2d-arrays\u002F10.2-2d-array-traversals-nested-loops",{"path":177,"title":178,"stem":179},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch10-2d-arrays\u002F3-implementing-2d-array-algorithms","Implementing 2D Array Algorithms","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch10-2d-arrays\u002F10.3-implementing-2d-array-algorithms",{"path":181,"title":182,"stem":183},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch11-enums-named-choices\u002F11-enums-named-choices","Enums: Named Choices","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch11-enums-named-choices\u002F11-enums-named-choices",{"path":185,"title":186,"stem":187},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch12-exceptions-and-try-catch\u002F12-exceptions-and-try-catch","Exceptions & try\u002Fcatch","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch12-exceptions-and-try-catch\u002F12-exceptions-and-try-catch",{"path":189,"title":190,"stem":191},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch13-common-gotchas\u002F13-common-gotchas","Common Gotchas","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch13-common-gotchas\u002F13-common-gotchas",{"path":193,"title":194,"stem":195},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch14-why-design-patterns\u002F14-why-design-patterns","Why Design Patterns?","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch14-why-design-patterns\u002F14-why-design-patterns",{"path":197,"title":198,"stem":199},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch15-advanced-collections\u002F15-advanced-collections","Advanced Collections (Set\u002FQueue\u002FMap)","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch15-advanced-collections\u002F15-advanced-collections",{"path":201,"title":202,"stem":203},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch16-writing-your-own-generics\u002F16-writing-your-own-generics","Writing Your Own Generics","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch16-writing-your-own-generics\u002F16-writing-your-own-generics",{"path":205,"title":206,"stem":207},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch17-inheritance-and-abstractions\u002F1-inheritance-superclass-subclass","Inheritance, Superclass, Subclass","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch17-inheritance-and-abstractions\u002F17.1-inheritance-superclass-subclass",{"path":209,"title":210,"stem":211},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch17-inheritance-and-abstractions\u002F2-inheritance-and-constructors","Inheritance and Constructors","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch17-inheritance-and-abstractions\u002F17.2-inheritance-and-constructors",{"path":213,"title":214,"stem":215},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch17-inheritance-and-abstractions\u002F3-inheritance-hierarchies","Inheritance Hierarchies","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch17-inheritance-and-abstractions\u002F17.3-inheritance-hierarchies",{"path":217,"title":218,"stem":219},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch17-inheritance-and-abstractions\u002F4-object-superclass","Object Superclass","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch17-inheritance-and-abstractions\u002F17.4-object-superclass",{"path":221,"title":222,"stem":223},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch18-polymorphism-many-forms\u002F1-overriding-methods","Overriding Methods","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch18-polymorphism-many-forms\u002F18.1-overriding-methods",{"path":225,"title":226,"stem":227},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch18-polymorphism-many-forms\u002F2-super-keyword","super Keyword","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch18-polymorphism-many-forms\u002F18.2-super-keyword",{"path":229,"title":230,"stem":231},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch18-polymorphism-many-forms\u002F3-polymorphism","Polymorphism","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch18-polymorphism-many-forms\u002F18.3-polymorphism",{"path":233,"title":234,"stem":235},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch19-interfaces-as-contracts\u002F19-interfaces-as-contracts","Interfaces as Contracts","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch19-interfaces-as-contracts\u002F19-interfaces-as-contracts",{"path":237,"title":238,"stem":239},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch19-interfaces-as-contracts\u002F1-lambdas-and-method-references","Lambdas & Method References","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch19-interfaces-as-contracts\u002F19.1-lambdas-and-method-references",{"path":241,"title":242,"stem":243},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch20-the-io-layer-pattern\u002F20-the-io-layer-pattern","The IO-Layer Pattern","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch20-the-io-layer-pattern\u002F20-the-io-layer-pattern",{"path":245,"title":246,"stem":247},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch21-static-factories\u002F21-static-factories","Static Factories","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch21-static-factories\u002F21-static-factories",{"path":249,"title":250,"stem":251},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch22-the-builder-pattern\u002F22-the-builder-pattern","The Builder Pattern","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch22-the-builder-pattern\u002F22-the-builder-pattern",{"path":253,"title":254,"stem":255},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch23-encapsulation-and-final\u002F1-scope-and-access","Scope and Access","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch23-encapsulation-and-final\u002F23.1-scope-and-access",{"path":257,"title":258,"stem":259},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch24-optional-avoiding-null-pointer-exceptions\u002F24-optional-avoiding-null-pointer-exceptions","Optional: Avoiding Null Pointer Exceptions","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch24-optional-avoiding-null-pointer-exceptions\u002F24-optional-avoiding-null-pointer-exceptions",{"path":261,"title":262,"stem":263},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch25-command-based-programming\u002F1-what-is-command-based-programming","What Is Command-Based Programming?","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch25-command-based-programming\u002F25.1-what-is-command-based-programming",{"path":265,"title":266,"stem":267},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch25-command-based-programming\u002F2-commands-and-command-compositions","Commands & Command Compositions","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch25-command-based-programming\u002F25.2-commands-and-command-compositions",{"path":269,"title":270,"stem":271},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch25-command-based-programming\u002F3-the-command-scheduler","The Command Scheduler","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch25-command-based-programming\u002F25.3-the-command-scheduler",{"path":273,"title":274,"stem":275},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch25-command-based-programming\u002F4-state-machines-logic","State Machines: Logic","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch25-command-based-programming\u002F25.4-state-machines-logic",{"path":277,"title":278,"stem":279},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch25-command-based-programming\u002F5-managing-transitions","Managing Transitions","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch25-command-based-programming\u002F25.5-managing-transitions",{"path":281,"title":282,"stem":283},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch25-command-based-programming\u002F6-binding-commands-to-triggers","Binding Commands to Triggers","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch25-command-based-programming\u002F25.6-binding-commands-to-triggers",{"path":285,"title":286,"stem":287},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch25-command-based-programming\u002F7-structuring-a-command-based-robot-project","Structuring a Command-Based Robot Project","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch25-command-based-programming\u002F25.7-structuring-a-command-based-robot-project",{"path":289,"title":290,"stem":291},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch26-architecture-takeaways\u002F26-architecture-takeaways","Architecture Takeaways","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch26-architecture-takeaways\u002F26-architecture-takeaways",{"path":293,"title":294,"stem":295},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch27-program-design-and-abstraction\u002F1-abstraction-and-program-design","Abstraction and Program Design","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch27-program-design-and-abstraction\u002F27.1-abstraction-and-program-design",{"path":297,"title":298,"stem":299},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch27-program-design-and-abstraction\u002F2-impact-of-program-design","Impact of Program Design","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch27-program-design-and-abstraction\u002F27.2-impact-of-program-design",{"path":301,"title":302,"stem":303},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch28-algorithms-searching-sorting-recursion\u002F1-searching-algorithms","Searching Algorithms","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch28-algorithms-searching-sorting-recursion\u002F28.1-searching-algorithms",{"path":305,"title":306,"stem":307},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch28-algorithms-searching-sorting-recursion\u002F2-sorting-algorithms","Sorting Algorithms","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch28-algorithms-searching-sorting-recursion\u002F28.2-sorting-algorithms",{"path":309,"title":310,"stem":311},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch28-algorithms-searching-sorting-recursion\u002F3-recursion","Recursion","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch28-algorithms-searching-sorting-recursion\u002F28.3-recursion",{"path":313,"title":314,"stem":315},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch28-algorithms-searching-sorting-recursion\u002F4-recursive-searching-and-sorting","Recursive Searching and Sorting","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch28-algorithms-searching-sorting-recursion\u002F28.4-recursive-searching-and-sorting",{"path":317,"title":318,"stem":319},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch29-git-and-github-basics\u002F1-coming-soon","Git & GitHub Basics — Coming Soon","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch29-git-and-github-basics\u002F29.1-coming-soon",{"path":321,"title":322,"stem":323},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch30-git-history-and-merging\u002F1-coming-soon","Git — History & Merging — Coming Soon","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch30-git-history-and-merging\u002F30.1-coming-soon",{"path":325,"title":326,"stem":327},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch31-dev-environment-and-tooling\u002F1-coming-soon","Dev Environment & Tooling — Coming Soon","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch31-dev-environment-and-tooling\u002F31.1-coming-soon",{"path":329,"title":330,"stem":331},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch32-unit-testing\u002F1-coming-soon","Unit Testing — Coming Soon","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch32-unit-testing\u002F32.1-coming-soon",{"path":333,"title":334,"stem":335},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch33-advantagekit-autologging\u002F1-coming-soon","AdvantageKit — AutoLogging — Coming Soon","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch33-advantagekit-autologging\u002F33.1-coming-soon",{"path":337,"title":338,"stem":339},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch34-log-replay\u002F1-coming-soon","Log Replay — Coming Soon","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch34-log-replay\u002F34.1-coming-soon",{"path":341,"title":342,"stem":343},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch35-advantagescope-i-visualization\u002F1-coming-soon","AdvantageScope I: Visualization — Coming Soon","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch35-advantagescope-i-visualization\u002F35.1-coming-soon",{"path":345,"title":346,"stem":347},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch36-advantagescope-ii-custom-3d-assets\u002F1-coming-soon","AdvantageScope II: Custom 3D Assets — Coming Soon","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch36-advantagescope-ii-custom-3d-assets\u002F36.1-coming-soon",{"path":349,"title":350,"stem":351},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch37-autonomous-i\u002F1-coming-soon","Autonomous I — Coming Soon","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch37-autonomous-i\u002F37.1-coming-soon",{"path":353,"title":354,"stem":355},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch38-autonomous-ii-pathplanner-and-trajectories\u002F1-coming-soon","Autonomous II: PathPlanner & Trajectories — Coming Soon","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch38-autonomous-ii-pathplanner-and-trajectories\u002F38.1-coming-soon",{"path":357,"title":358,"stem":359},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch39-control-fundamentals\u002F1-coming-soon","Control Fundamentals — Coming Soon","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch39-control-fundamentals\u002F39.1-coming-soon",{"path":361,"title":362,"stem":363},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch40-motion-profiles\u002F1-coming-soon","Motion Profiles — Coming Soon","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch40-motion-profiles\u002F40.1-coming-soon",{"path":365,"title":366,"stem":367},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch41-hardware-fundamentals\u002F1-coming-soon","Hardware Fundamentals — Coming Soon","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch41-hardware-fundamentals\u002F41.1-coming-soon",{"path":369,"title":370,"stem":371},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch42-photonvision\u002F1-coming-soon","PhotonVision — Coming Soon","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch42-photonvision\u002F42.1-coming-soon",{"path":373,"title":374,"stem":375},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch43-apriltags-and-pose\u002F1-coming-soon","AprilTags & Pose — Coming Soon","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch43-apriltags-and-pose\u002F43.1-coming-soon",{"path":377,"title":378,"stem":379},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch44-subsystems-i\u002F1-coming-soon","Subsystems I — Coming Soon","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch44-subsystems-i\u002F44.1-coming-soon",{"path":381,"title":382,"stem":383},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch45-subsystems-ii-advanced\u002F1-coming-soon","Subsystems II — Advanced — Coming Soon","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch45-subsystems-ii-advanced\u002F45.1-coming-soon",{"path":385,"title":386,"stem":387},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch46-team-utilities-i\u002F1-coming-soon","Team Utilities I — Coming Soon","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch46-team-utilities-i\u002F46.1-coming-soon",{"path":389,"title":390,"stem":391},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch47-field-constants\u002F1-coming-soon","Field Constants — Coming Soon","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch47-field-constants\u002F47.1-coming-soon",{"path":393,"title":394,"stem":395},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch48-troubleshooting-i-runtime-debug\u002F1-coming-soon","Troubleshooting I — Runtime Debug — Coming Soon","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch48-troubleshooting-i-runtime-debug\u002F48.1-coming-soon",{"path":397,"title":398,"stem":399},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch49-troubleshooting-ii-can-and-sim\u002F1-coming-soon","Troubleshooting II: CAN & Sim — Coming Soon","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch49-troubleshooting-ii-can-and-sim\u002F49.1-coming-soon",{"path":401,"title":402,"stem":403},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch50-vendor-libraries-talonfx\u002F1-coming-soon","Vendor Libraries: TalonFX — Coming Soon","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch50-vendor-libraries-talonfx\u002F50.1-coming-soon",{"path":405,"title":406,"stem":407},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch51-robot-alerts\u002F1-coming-soon","Robot Alerts — Coming Soon","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch51-robot-alerts\u002F51.1-coming-soon",{"path":409,"title":410,"stem":411},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch52-wpilib-commands\u002F1-coming-soon","WPILib Commands — Coming Soon","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch52-wpilib-commands\u002F52.1-coming-soon",{"path":413,"title":414,"stem":415},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch53-wpilib-geometry\u002F1-coming-soon","WPILib Geometry — Coming Soon","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch53-wpilib-geometry\u002F53.1-coming-soon",{"path":417,"title":418,"stem":419},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch54-networktables\u002F1-coming-soon","NetworkTables — Coming Soon","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch54-networktables\u002F54.1-coming-soon",{"path":421,"title":422,"stem":423},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch55-command-scheduler\u002F1-coming-soon","Command Scheduler — Coming Soon","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch55-command-scheduler\u002F55.1-coming-soon",{"path":425,"title":426,"stem":427},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch56-wpilib-timers\u002F1-coming-soon","WPILib Timers — Coming Soon","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch56-wpilib-timers\u002F56.1-coming-soon",{"path":429,"title":430,"stem":431},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch57-wpilib-triggers\u002F1-coming-soon","WPILib Triggers — Coming Soon","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch57-wpilib-triggers\u002F57.1-coming-soon",{"path":433,"title":434,"stem":435},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch58-vendor-units-and-conversions\u002F1-coming-soon","Vendor Units & Conversions — Coming Soon","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch58-vendor-units-and-conversions\u002F58.1-coming-soon",[437,441,445,449,453,457,461,465,469,473,477,481,485,489,493,497,501,505,509,513,517,521,525,529,533,537,541,545,549,553,557,561,565,569,573,577,581,585,589,593],{"path":438,"title":439,"stem":440},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch01-why-java-for-frc\u002F2-intro-to-algorithms-programming-and-compilers","Intro to Algorithms, Programming & Compilers — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch01-why-java-for-frc\u002F1.2-intro-to-algorithms-programming-and-compilers",{"path":442,"title":443,"stem":444},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch02-variables-and-types\u002F1-variables-and-data-types","Variables & Data Types — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch02-variables-and-types\u002F2.1-variables-and-data-types",{"path":446,"title":447,"stem":448},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch02-variables-and-types\u002F2-expressions-and-output","Expressions & Output — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch02-variables-and-types\u002F2.2-expressions-and-output",{"path":450,"title":451,"stem":452},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch02-variables-and-types\u002F3-assignment-and-input","Assignment & Input — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch02-variables-and-types\u002F2.3-assignment-and-input",{"path":454,"title":455,"stem":456},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch02-variables-and-types\u002F4-casting-and-ranges-of-values","Casting & Ranges of Values — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch02-variables-and-types\u002F2.4-casting-and-ranges-of-values",{"path":458,"title":459,"stem":460},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch02-variables-and-types\u002F5-compound-assignment-operators","Compound Assignment Operators — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch02-variables-and-types\u002F2.5-compound-assignment-operators",{"path":462,"title":463,"stem":464},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch03-apis-libraries-and-documentation\u002F1-apis-and-libraries","APIs and Libraries — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch03-apis-libraries-and-documentation\u002F3.1-apis-and-libraries",{"path":466,"title":467,"stem":468},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch03-apis-libraries-and-documentation\u002F2-documentation-with-comments-and-preconditions","Documentation with Comments and Preconditions — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch03-apis-libraries-and-documentation\u002F3.2-documentation-with-comments-and-preconditions",{"path":470,"title":471,"stem":472},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch03-apis-libraries-and-documentation\u002F3-packages-and-imports","Packages & Imports — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch03-apis-libraries-and-documentation\u002F3.3-packages-and-imports",{"path":474,"title":475,"stem":476},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F1-methods-signatures-and-parameters","Methods, Signatures & Parameters — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F4.1-methods-signatures-and-parameters",{"path":478,"title":479,"stem":480},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F2-calling-class-methods","Calling Class Methods — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F4.2-calling-class-methods",{"path":482,"title":483,"stem":484},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F3-using-the-math-class","Using the Math Class — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F4.3-using-the-math-class",{"path":486,"title":487,"stem":488},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F4-objects-instances-of-classes","Objects — Instances of Classes — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F4.4-objects-instances-of-classes",{"path":490,"title":491,"stem":492},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F5-creating-and-initializing-objects-constructors","Creating & Initializing Objects: Constructors — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F4.5-creating-and-initializing-objects-constructors",{"path":494,"title":495,"stem":496},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F6-calling-instance-methods","Calling Instance Methods — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F4.6-calling-instance-methods",{"path":498,"title":499,"stem":500},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F1-5.2-if-statements-and-for-loops","if Statements & For Loops — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5.1-5.2-if-statements-and-for-loops",{"path":502,"title":503,"stem":504},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F10-nested-iteration","Nested Iteration — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5.10-nested-iteration",{"path":506,"title":507,"stem":508},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F11-informal-runtime-analysis-of-loops","Informal Runtime Analysis of Loops — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5.11-informal-runtime-analysis-of-loops",{"path":510,"title":511,"stem":512},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F3-algorithms-with-selection-and-repetition","Algorithms with Selection and Repetition — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5.3-algorithms-with-selection-and-repetition",{"path":514,"title":515,"stem":516},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F4-boolean-expressions","Boolean Expressions — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5.4-boolean-expressions",{"path":518,"title":519,"stem":520},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5-nested-if-statements","Nested if Statements — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5.5-nested-if-statements",{"path":522,"title":523,"stem":524},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F6-compound-boolean-expressions","Compound Boolean Expressions — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5.6-compound-boolean-expressions",{"path":526,"title":527,"stem":528},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F7-comparing-boolean-expressions-de-morgans-laws","Comparing Boolean Expressions (De Morgan's Laws) — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5.7-comparing-boolean-expressions-de-morgans-laws",{"path":530,"title":531,"stem":532},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F8-while-loops","While Loops — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5.8-while-loops",{"path":534,"title":535,"stem":536},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F9-implementing-selection-and-iteration-algorithms","Implementing Selection and Iteration Algorithms — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5.9-implementing-selection-and-iteration-algorithms",{"path":538,"title":539,"stem":540},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch06-strings\u002F1-strings","Strings — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch06-strings\u002F6.1-strings",{"path":542,"title":543,"stem":544},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch06-strings\u002F2-string-algorithms","String Algorithms — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch06-strings\u002F6.2-string-algorithms",{"path":546,"title":547,"stem":548},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch07-the-class-blueprint\u002F1-anatomy-of-a-java-class","Anatomy of a Java Class — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch07-the-class-blueprint\u002F7.1-anatomy-of-a-java-class",{"path":550,"title":551,"stem":552},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch07-the-class-blueprint\u002F2-methods-how-to-write-them","Methods: How to Write Them — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch07-the-class-blueprint\u002F7.2-methods-how-to-write-them",{"path":554,"title":555,"stem":556},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch07-the-class-blueprint\u002F3-methods-passing-and-returning-references-of-an-object","Methods: Passing & Returning References of an Object — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch07-the-class-blueprint\u002F7.3-methods-passing-and-returning-references-of-an-object",{"path":558,"title":559,"stem":560},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch07-the-class-blueprint\u002F4-class-static-variables-and-methods","Class (static) Variables & Methods — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch07-the-class-blueprint\u002F7.4-class-static-variables-and-methods",{"path":562,"title":563,"stem":564},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch08-constructors-and-this\u002F1-8.2-constructors-and-this","Constructors & \"this\" — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch08-constructors-and-this\u002F8.1-8.2-constructors-and-this",{"path":566,"title":567,"stem":568},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F1-array-creation-and-access","Array Creation and Access — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F9.1-array-creation-and-access",{"path":570,"title":571,"stem":572},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F2-arraylist-and-its-methods","ArrayList and its Methods — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F9.2-arraylist-and-its-methods",{"path":574,"title":575,"stem":576},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F3-optional-hashmap-dictionary-data-structure","Optional: HashMap (Dictionary) Data Structure — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F9.3-optional-hashmap-dictionary-data-structure",{"path":578,"title":579,"stem":580},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F4-array-traversals","Array Traversals — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F9.4-array-traversals",{"path":582,"title":583,"stem":584},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F5-implementing-array-algorithms","Implementing Array Algorithms — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F9.5-implementing-array-algorithms",{"path":586,"title":587,"stem":588},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F6-arraylist-traversals","ArrayList Traversals — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F9.6-arraylist-traversals",{"path":590,"title":591,"stem":592},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F7-implementing-arraylist-algorithms","Implementing ArrayList Algorithms — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F9.7-implementing-arraylist-algorithms",{"path":594,"title":595,"stem":596},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F8-using-text-files","Using Text Files — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F9.8-using-text-files",[598,602,606,610,614,618,622,626,630,634,638,642,646,650,654,658,662,666,670,674,678,682,686,690,694,698,702,706,710,714,718,722,726,730,734,738,742,746,750,754],{"path":599,"title":600,"stem":601},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch01-why-java-for-frc\u002F2-intro-to-algorithms-programming-and-compilers","Intro to Algorithms, Programming & Compilers — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch01-why-java-for-frc\u002F1.2-intro-to-algorithms-programming-and-compilers",{"path":603,"title":604,"stem":605},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch02-variables-and-types\u002F1-variables-and-data-types","Variables & Data Types — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch02-variables-and-types\u002F2.1-variables-and-data-types",{"path":607,"title":608,"stem":609},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch02-variables-and-types\u002F2-expressions-and-output","Expressions & Output — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch02-variables-and-types\u002F2.2-expressions-and-output",{"path":611,"title":612,"stem":613},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch02-variables-and-types\u002F3-assignment-and-input","Assignment & Input — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch02-variables-and-types\u002F2.3-assignment-and-input",{"path":615,"title":616,"stem":617},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch02-variables-and-types\u002F4-casting-and-ranges-of-values","Casting & Ranges of Values — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch02-variables-and-types\u002F2.4-casting-and-ranges-of-values",{"path":619,"title":620,"stem":621},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch02-variables-and-types\u002F5-compound-assignment-operators","Compound Assignment Operators — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch02-variables-and-types\u002F2.5-compound-assignment-operators",{"path":623,"title":624,"stem":625},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch03-apis-libraries-and-documentation\u002F1-apis-and-libraries","APIs and Libraries — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch03-apis-libraries-and-documentation\u002F3.1-apis-and-libraries",{"path":627,"title":628,"stem":629},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch03-apis-libraries-and-documentation\u002F2-documentation-with-comments-and-preconditions","Documentation with Comments and Preconditions — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch03-apis-libraries-and-documentation\u002F3.2-documentation-with-comments-and-preconditions",{"path":631,"title":632,"stem":633},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch03-apis-libraries-and-documentation\u002F3-packages-and-imports","Packages & Imports — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch03-apis-libraries-and-documentation\u002F3.3-packages-and-imports",{"path":635,"title":636,"stem":637},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F1-methods-signatures-and-parameters","Methods, Signatures & Parameters — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F4.1-methods-signatures-and-parameters",{"path":639,"title":640,"stem":641},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F2-calling-class-methods","Calling Class Methods — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F4.2-calling-class-methods",{"path":643,"title":644,"stem":645},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F3-using-the-math-class","Using the Math Class — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F4.3-using-the-math-class",{"path":647,"title":648,"stem":649},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F4-objects-instances-of-classes","Objects — Instances of Classes — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F4.4-objects-instances-of-classes",{"path":651,"title":652,"stem":653},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F5-creating-and-initializing-objects-constructors","Creating & Initializing Objects: Constructors — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F4.5-creating-and-initializing-objects-constructors",{"path":655,"title":656,"stem":657},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F6-calling-instance-methods","Calling Instance Methods — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F4.6-calling-instance-methods",{"path":659,"title":660,"stem":661},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F1-5.2-if-statements-and-for-loops","if Statements & For Loops — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5.1-5.2-if-statements-and-for-loops",{"path":663,"title":664,"stem":665},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F10-nested-iteration","Nested Iteration — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5.10-nested-iteration",{"path":667,"title":668,"stem":669},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F11-informal-runtime-analysis-of-loops","Informal Runtime Analysis of Loops — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5.11-informal-runtime-analysis-of-loops",{"path":671,"title":672,"stem":673},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F3-algorithms-with-selection-and-repetition","Algorithms with Selection and Repetition — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5.3-algorithms-with-selection-and-repetition",{"path":675,"title":676,"stem":677},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F4-boolean-expressions","Boolean Expressions — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5.4-boolean-expressions",{"path":679,"title":680,"stem":681},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5-nested-if-statements","Nested if Statements — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5.5-nested-if-statements",{"path":683,"title":684,"stem":685},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F6-compound-boolean-expressions","Compound Boolean Expressions — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5.6-compound-boolean-expressions",{"path":687,"title":688,"stem":689},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F7-comparing-boolean-expressions-de-morgans-laws","Comparing Boolean Expressions (De Morgan's Laws) — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5.7-comparing-boolean-expressions-de-morgans-laws",{"path":691,"title":692,"stem":693},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F8-while-loops","While Loops — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5.8-while-loops",{"path":695,"title":696,"stem":697},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F9-implementing-selection-and-iteration-algorithms","Implementing Selection and Iteration Algorithms — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5.9-implementing-selection-and-iteration-algorithms",{"path":699,"title":700,"stem":701},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch06-strings\u002F1-strings","Strings — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch06-strings\u002F6.1-strings",{"path":703,"title":704,"stem":705},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch06-strings\u002F2-string-algorithms","String Algorithms — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch06-strings\u002F6.2-string-algorithms",{"path":707,"title":708,"stem":709},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch07-the-class-blueprint\u002F1-anatomy-of-a-java-class","Anatomy of a Java Class — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch07-the-class-blueprint\u002F7.1-anatomy-of-a-java-class",{"path":711,"title":712,"stem":713},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch07-the-class-blueprint\u002F2-methods-how-to-write-them","Methods: How to Write Them — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch07-the-class-blueprint\u002F7.2-methods-how-to-write-them",{"path":715,"title":716,"stem":717},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch07-the-class-blueprint\u002F3-methods-passing-and-returning-references-of-an-object","Methods: Passing & Returning References of an Object — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch07-the-class-blueprint\u002F7.3-methods-passing-and-returning-references-of-an-object",{"path":719,"title":720,"stem":721},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch07-the-class-blueprint\u002F4-class-static-variables-and-methods","Class (static) Variables & Methods — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch07-the-class-blueprint\u002F7.4-class-static-variables-and-methods",{"path":723,"title":724,"stem":725},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch08-constructors-and-this\u002F1-8.2-constructors-and-this","Constructors & \"this\" — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch08-constructors-and-this\u002F8.1-8.2-constructors-and-this",{"path":727,"title":728,"stem":729},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F1-array-creation-and-access","Array Creation and Access — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F9.1-array-creation-and-access",{"path":731,"title":732,"stem":733},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F2-arraylist-and-its-methods","ArrayList and its Methods — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F9.2-arraylist-and-its-methods",{"path":735,"title":736,"stem":737},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F3-optional-hashmap-dictionary-data-structure","Optional: HashMap (Dictionary) Data Structure — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F9.3-optional-hashmap-dictionary-data-structure",{"path":739,"title":740,"stem":741},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F4-array-traversals","Array Traversals — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F9.4-array-traversals",{"path":743,"title":744,"stem":745},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F5-implementing-array-algorithms","Implementing Array Algorithms — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F9.5-implementing-array-algorithms",{"path":747,"title":748,"stem":749},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F6-arraylist-traversals","ArrayList Traversals — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F9.6-arraylist-traversals",{"path":751,"title":752,"stem":753},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F7-implementing-arraylist-algorithms","Implementing ArrayList Algorithms — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F9.7-implementing-arraylist-algorithms",{"path":755,"title":756,"stem":757},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F8-using-text-files","Using Text Files — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F9.8-using-text-files",{"id":759,"title":14,"body":760,"description":922,"extension":1215,"meta":1216,"navigation":1079,"path":13,"seo":1219,"stem":15,"__hash__":1220},"lessons\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch02-variables-and-types\u002F2.1-variables-and-data-types.md",{"type":761,"value":762,"toc":1207},"minimark",[763,767,772,781,784,858,861,890,909,913,916,932,942,951,968,971,980,993,1000,1004,1011,1027,1043,1047,1087,1091,1137,1141,1193,1203],[764,765,14],"h1",{"id":766},"variables-data-types",[768,769,771],"h2",{"id":770},"primitive-types-a-small-fixed-list","Primitive Types: a Small, Fixed List",[773,774,775,776,780],"p",{},"Java has exactly 8 ",[777,778,779],"strong",{},"primitive types"," — the only types built directly into the language. A primitive variable holds its value directly, with nothing more underneath it.",[773,782,783],{},"The ones you'll use constantly in FRC code:",[785,786,787,803,820,830,846],"ul",{},[788,789,790,794,795,798,799,802],"li",{},[791,792,793],"code",{},"int"," — a whole number, like ",[791,796,797],{},"5"," or ",[791,800,801],{},"-12",". CAN IDs, ports, loop counters.",[788,804,805,808,809,811,812,815,816,819],{},[791,806,807],{},"long"," — a bigger whole number, for values too large for ",[791,810,793],{}," (like a timestamp). Written with an ",[791,813,814],{},"L",": ",[791,817,818],{},"100L",".",[788,821,822,825,826,829],{},[791,823,824],{},"double"," — a decimal number, like ",[791,827,828],{},"0.85",". Almost anything measured — speed, distance, voltage.",[788,831,832,835,836,815,839,842,843,845],{},[791,833,834],{},"float"," — a smaller, less precise decimal number. Written with an ",[791,837,838],{},"f",[791,840,841],{},"1.5f",". Most FRC code (including WPILib itself) prefers ",[791,844,824],{}," instead.",[788,847,848,851,852,798,855,819],{},[791,849,850],{},"boolean"," — only ever ",[791,853,854],{},"true",[791,856,857],{},"false",[773,859,860],{},"The rest exist too, but you'll rarely reach for them directly:",[785,862,863,876],{},[788,864,865,868,869,872,873,875],{},[791,866,867],{},"byte",", ",[791,870,871],{},"short"," — smaller whole numbers than ",[791,874,793],{},". Rarely needed.",[788,877,878,881,882,885,886,889],{},[791,879,880],{},"char"," — one single character, like ",[791,883,884],{},"'A'",". You won't use this much on its own, but it's worth knowing: this is what ",[791,887,888],{},"String"," is actually built from underneath.",[773,891,892,893,896,897,899,900,902,903,905,906,908],{},"That's the full list — nothing else in Java is a primitive. ",[777,894,895],{},"Everything else is built out of these 8",", most obviously ",[791,898,888],{},", which is really a sequence of ",[791,901,880],{},"s glued together. Later, when you write your own classes (starting in Ch.7), those will be built by bundling primitives together — a robot subsystem might combine a ",[791,904,824],{}," for speed, a ",[791,907,850],{}," for \"is it ready,\" and more, all wrapped into one object. Keep this in the back of your mind going forward: every new type you meet is either one of this fixed list, or something built on top of it.",[768,910,912],{"id":911},"declaring-and-assigning","Declaring and Assigning",[773,914,915],{},"To create a variable, write its type, then its name, then a semicolon:",[917,918,923],"pre",{"className":919,"code":920,"language":921,"meta":922,"style":922},"language-java shiki shiki-themes github-light github-dark","int motorSpeed;\n","java","",[791,924,925],{"__ignoreMap":922},[926,927,930],"span",{"class":928,"line":929},"line",1,[926,931,920],{},[773,933,934,937,938,941],{},[791,935,936],{},"motorSpeed"," now exists, but it doesn't hold a value yet. Give it one with ",[791,939,940],{},"=",":",[917,943,945],{"className":919,"code":944,"language":921,"meta":922,"style":922},"motorSpeed = 5;\n",[791,946,947],{"__ignoreMap":922},[926,948,949],{"class":928,"line":929},[926,950,944],{},[773,952,953,954,961,962,964,965,967],{},"Read that line as: ",[777,955,956,958,959,819],{},[791,957,936],{}," gets assigned the value ",[791,960,797],{}," Not \"motorSpeed equals 5\" — ",[791,963,940],{}," in code isn't the same as ",[791,966,940],{}," in math class. It's an instruction: take what's on the right, and store it in the box on the left.",[773,969,970],{},"Usually you do both steps at once:",[917,972,974],{"className":919,"code":973,"language":921,"meta":922,"style":922},"int motorSpeed = 5;\n",[791,975,976],{"__ignoreMap":922},[926,977,978],{"class":928,"line":929},[926,979,973],{},[773,981,982,983],{},"Read this the same way: ",[777,984,985,987,988,990,991,819],{},[791,986,936],{},", of type ",[791,989,793],{},", is assigned the value ",[791,992,797],{},[773,994,995,996,999],{},"A variable declared inside a method body, like everything here, is called a ",[777,997,998],{},"local variable"," — it only exists inside that method. (Java has other kinds of variables too — you'll meet those once classes and methods are on the table, starting in Ch.7.)",[768,1001,1003],{"id":1002},"naming-variables-camelcase","Naming Variables (camelCase)",[773,1005,1006,1007,1010],{},"A name must start with a letter and can't contain spaces. Java's style — you'll see this in every piece of code from here on — is ",[777,1008,1009],{},"camelCase",": start lowercase, then capitalize the first letter of each new word.",[917,1012,1014],{"className":919,"code":1013,"language":921,"meta":922,"style":922},"double maxSpeed = 0.85;   \u002F\u002F not max_speed, not MaxSpeed\nboolean isReady = false;\n",[791,1015,1016,1021],{"__ignoreMap":922},[926,1017,1018],{"class":928,"line":929},[926,1019,1020],{},"double maxSpeed = 0.85;   \u002F\u002F not max_speed, not MaxSpeed\n",[926,1022,1024],{"class":928,"line":1023},2,[926,1025,1026],{},"boolean isReady = false;\n",[773,1028,1029,1030,1034,1035,1038,1039,1042],{},"Pick a name that says what the value ",[1031,1032,1033],"em",{},"is",". ",[791,1036,1037],{},"speed"," tells you something; ",[791,1040,1041],{},"x"," doesn't.",[768,1044,1046],{"id":1045},"worked-example","Worked Example",[917,1048,1050],{"className":919,"code":1049,"language":921,"meta":922,"style":922},"int motorSpeed = 5;         \u002F\u002F a whole number — no decimal needed here\ndouble maxOutput = 0.85;    \u002F\u002F a percentage like 85% — needs a decimal\nboolean isReady = false;    \u002F\u002F only ever true or false\nString robotName = \"Titan\"; \u002F\u002F text, built out of primitives under the hood\n\nSystem.out.println(\"Robot \" + robotName + \" is set to speed \" + motorSpeed);\n",[791,1051,1052,1057,1062,1068,1074,1081],{"__ignoreMap":922},[926,1053,1054],{"class":928,"line":929},[926,1055,1056],{},"int motorSpeed = 5;         \u002F\u002F a whole number — no decimal needed here\n",[926,1058,1059],{"class":928,"line":1023},[926,1060,1061],{},"double maxOutput = 0.85;    \u002F\u002F a percentage like 85% — needs a decimal\n",[926,1063,1065],{"class":928,"line":1064},3,[926,1066,1067],{},"boolean isReady = false;    \u002F\u002F only ever true or false\n",[926,1069,1071],{"class":928,"line":1070},4,[926,1072,1073],{},"String robotName = \"Titan\"; \u002F\u002F text, built out of primitives under the hood\n",[926,1075,1077],{"class":928,"line":1076},5,[926,1078,1080],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":1079},true,"\n",[926,1082,1084],{"class":928,"line":1083},6,[926,1085,1086],{},"System.out.println(\"Robot \" + robotName + \" is set to speed \" + motorSpeed);\n",[768,1088,1090],{"id":1089},"common-pitfalls","Common Pitfalls",[785,1092,1093,1113,1125],{},[788,1094,1095,1098,1099,1102,1103,1105,1106,1109,1110,819],{},[777,1096,1097],{},"Never put a variable's name inside quotes."," ",[791,1100,1101],{},"System.out.println(\"motorSpeed\")"," prints the literal word ",[791,1104,936],{},", not the number stored in it. Only actual words\u002Fsentences go inside ",[791,1107,1108],{},"\"\"","; variables get attached with ",[791,1111,1112],{},"+",[788,1114,1115,1098,1118,1120,1121,1124],{},[777,1116,1117],{},"Case matters.",[791,1119,936],{}," and ",[791,1122,1123],{},"motorspeed"," are two different variables to Java. This doesn't cause an error you'll notice right away — it just quietly breaks something.",[788,1126,1127,1130,1131,1133,1134,1136],{},[777,1128,1129],{},"Match the type to the value."," If a value has a decimal point, it needs ",[791,1132,824],{},", not ",[791,1135,793],{}," — otherwise Java throws away everything after the decimal point.",[768,1138,1140],{"id":1139},"key-takeaways","Key Takeaways",[785,1142,1143,1164,1176,1179,1184,1190],{},[788,1144,1145,1146,868,1148,868,1150,868,1152,868,1154,1156,1157,868,1159,868,1161,1163],{},"Java has exactly 8 primitive types. ",[791,1147,793],{},[791,1149,807],{},[791,1151,824],{},[791,1153,834],{},[791,1155,850],{}," are the common ones in FRC code; ",[791,1158,867],{},[791,1160,871],{},[791,1162,880],{}," exist but are rarely used directly.",[788,1165,1166,1167,1169,1170,1172,1173,1175],{},"Everything else (",[791,1168,888],{},", and every class you'll write) is built out of these 8 — ",[791,1171,888],{}," is a sequence of ",[791,1174,880],{},"s.",[788,1177,1178],{},"A variable is a named box that holds a value, and that value can change.",[788,1180,1181,1183],{},[791,1182,940],{}," means \"gets assigned,\" not \"equals.\"",[788,1185,1186,1187,1189],{},"A variable declared inside a method is a ",[777,1188,998],{}," — it only exists in that method. There are other kinds too, covered starting in Ch.7.",[788,1191,1192],{},"Variable names use camelCase and should describe what the value is.",[773,1194,1195,1196,815,1199,1202],{},"Derived from ",[791,1197,1198],{},"csawesome-2026",[791,1200,1201],{},"unit-1-using-objects-and-methods\u002F1.02-variables-and-data-types.md"," (CSA 1.2)",[1204,1205,1206],"style",{},"html .default .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-default);background: var(--shiki-default-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-default-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-default-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-default-text-decoration);}html .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-default);background: var(--shiki-default-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-default-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-default-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-default-text-decoration);}html .dark .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-dark);background: var(--shiki-dark-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-dark-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-dark-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-dark-text-decoration);}html.dark .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-dark);background: var(--shiki-dark-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-dark-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-dark-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-dark-text-decoration);}",{"title":922,"searchDepth":1023,"depth":1023,"links":1208},[1209,1210,1211,1212,1213,1214],{"id":770,"depth":1023,"text":771},{"id":911,"depth":1023,"text":912},{"id":1002,"depth":1023,"text":1003},{"id":1045,"depth":1023,"text":1046},{"id":1089,"depth":1023,"text":1090},{"id":1139,"depth":1023,"text":1140},"md",{"outlineRef":1217,"status":1218},"2.1 — Variables and Data Types (CSA 1.2)","new — authored lesson (fuller depth than the teaser slide)",{"title":14,"description":922},"pUoSWuN63dMtmV3RR4MlTEZxA3wR-0F7YG0Ph105R8o",{"id":1222,"title":443,"body":1223,"description":922,"extension":1215,"meta":1707,"navigation":1079,"path":442,"seo":1710,"stem":444,"__hash__":1711},"examples\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch02-variables-and-types\u002F2.1-variables-and-data-types.md",{"type":761,"value":1224,"toc":1693},[1225,1228,1232,1235,1239,1242,1260,1263,1270,1310,1324,1328,1333,1359,1363,1370,1385,1401,1405,1408,1428,1432,1457,1482,1486,1525,1529,1621,1624,1632,1636,1653,1657,1691],[764,1226,443],{"id":1227},"variables-data-types-worked-example",[768,1229,1231],{"id":1230},"problem","Problem",[773,1233,1234],{},"Track the cargo intake subsystem's status: how many balls it has counted, how fast its belt is running, whether it's currently jammed, and what the subsystem is called — then print a one-line status report.",[768,1236,1238],{"id":1237},"step-1-plan-it-first","Step 1: Plan It First",[773,1240,1241],{},"In plain English, before any code:",[1243,1244,1245,1248,1251,1254,1257],"ol",{},[788,1246,1247],{},"Store the ball count.",[788,1249,1250],{},"Store the belt speed.",[788,1252,1253],{},"Store whether it's jammed.",[788,1255,1256],{},"Store the subsystem's name.",[788,1258,1259],{},"Print all four in one status line.",[773,1261,1262],{},"Four pieces of data, four variables — the plan tells us that before we've picked a single type.",[768,1264,1266,1267],{"id":1265},"step-2-set-up-the-class-and-main","Step 2: Set Up the Class and ",[791,1268,1269],{},"main",[917,1271,1273],{"className":919,"code":1272,"language":921,"meta":922,"style":922},"public class IntakeStatus\n{\n    public static void main(String[] args)\n    {\n\n    }\n}\n",[791,1274,1275,1280,1285,1290,1295,1299,1304],{"__ignoreMap":922},[926,1276,1277],{"class":928,"line":929},[926,1278,1279],{},"public class IntakeStatus\n",[926,1281,1282],{"class":928,"line":1023},[926,1283,1284],{},"{\n",[926,1286,1287],{"class":928,"line":1064},[926,1288,1289],{},"    public static void main(String[] args)\n",[926,1291,1292],{"class":928,"line":1070},[926,1293,1294],{},"    {\n",[926,1296,1297],{"class":928,"line":1076},[926,1298,1080],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":1079},[926,1300,1301],{"class":928,"line":1083},[926,1302,1303],{},"    }\n",[926,1305,1307],{"class":928,"line":1306},7,[926,1308,1309],{},"}\n",[773,1311,1312,1313,1316,1317,1320,1321,1323],{},"Same skeleton every program starts from: a ",[791,1314,1315],{},"class"," matching the filename (",[791,1318,1319],{},"IntakeStatus.java","), and the ",[791,1322,1269],{}," method inside it.",[768,1325,1327],{"id":1326},"step-3-pick-a-type-for-each-piece-of-data","Step 3: Pick a Type for Each Piece of Data",[773,1329,1330,1331,941],{},"This is the judgment call the lesson is actually about — matching the type to what the value ",[1031,1332,1033],{},[785,1334,1335,1340,1349,1354],{},[788,1336,1337,1338,819],{},"Ball count → a whole number, never a fraction of a ball → ",[791,1339,793],{},[788,1341,1342,1343,1346,1347,819],{},"Belt speed → a percentage like ",[791,1344,1345],{},"0.75"," → needs a decimal → ",[791,1348,824],{},[788,1350,1351,1352,819],{},"Jammed or not → only two possible states → ",[791,1353,850],{},[788,1355,1356,1357,819],{},"Subsystem name → text → ",[791,1358,888],{},[768,1360,1362],{"id":1361},"step-4-declare-the-ball-count-on-its-own","Step 4: Declare the Ball Count on Its Own",[773,1364,1365,1366,1369],{},"Do this one in two steps, the way the lesson first introduces declaration — declare it, ",[1031,1367,1368],{},"then"," assign it:",[917,1371,1373],{"className":919,"code":1372,"language":921,"meta":922,"style":922},"int ballCount;\nballCount = 3;\n",[791,1374,1375,1380],{"__ignoreMap":922},[926,1376,1377],{"class":928,"line":929},[926,1378,1379],{},"int ballCount;\n",[926,1381,1382],{"class":928,"line":1023},[926,1383,1384],{},"ballCount = 3;\n",[773,1386,1387,1390,1391,1393,1394],{},[791,1388,1389],{},"ballCount"," exists the moment it's declared, but it holds nothing until the ",[791,1392,940],{}," line runs. Read that second line as ",[777,1395,1396,958,1398,819],{},[791,1397,1389],{},[791,1399,1400],{},"3",[768,1402,1404],{"id":1403},"step-5-declare-the-rest-combined","Step 5: Declare the Rest, Combined",[773,1406,1407],{},"The other three don't need the two-step treatment — declare and assign in one line, like most code actually looks:",[917,1409,1411],{"className":919,"code":1410,"language":921,"meta":922,"style":922},"double beltSpeed = 0.75;\nboolean isJammed = false;\nString subsystemName = \"Intake\";\n",[791,1412,1413,1418,1423],{"__ignoreMap":922},[926,1414,1415],{"class":928,"line":929},[926,1416,1417],{},"double beltSpeed = 0.75;\n",[926,1419,1420],{"class":928,"line":1023},[926,1421,1422],{},"boolean isJammed = false;\n",[926,1424,1425],{"class":928,"line":1064},[926,1426,1427],{},"String subsystemName = \"Intake\";\n",[768,1429,1431],{"id":1430},"step-6-print-the-status-line","Step 6: Print the Status Line",[917,1433,1435],{"className":919,"code":1434,"language":921,"meta":922,"style":922},"System.out.println(\"Subsystem: \" + subsystemName);\nSystem.out.println(\"Ball count: \" + ballCount);\nSystem.out.println(\"Belt speed: \" + beltSpeed);\nSystem.out.println(\"Jammed? \" + isJammed);\n",[791,1436,1437,1442,1447,1452],{"__ignoreMap":922},[926,1438,1439],{"class":928,"line":929},[926,1440,1441],{},"System.out.println(\"Subsystem: \" + subsystemName);\n",[926,1443,1444],{"class":928,"line":1023},[926,1445,1446],{},"System.out.println(\"Ball count: \" + ballCount);\n",[926,1448,1449],{"class":928,"line":1064},[926,1450,1451],{},"System.out.println(\"Belt speed: \" + beltSpeed);\n",[926,1453,1454],{"class":928,"line":1070},[926,1455,1456],{},"System.out.println(\"Jammed? \" + isJammed);\n",[773,1458,1459,868,1462,868,1464,1467,1468,1471,1472,1475,1476,1479,1480,819],{},[791,1460,1461],{},"subsystemName",[791,1463,1389],{},[791,1465,1466],{},"beltSpeed",", and ",[791,1469,1470],{},"isJammed"," are all bare — no quotes — because we want the ",[1031,1473,1474],{},"value stored in the box",", not the literal word. Only the label text (",[791,1477,1478],{},"\"Subsystem: \"",", etc.) goes inside ",[791,1481,1108],{},[768,1483,1485],{"id":1484},"step-7-check-the-naming","Step 7: Check the Naming",[785,1487,1488,1494,1505],{},[788,1489,1490,1493],{},[791,1491,1492],{},"IntakeStatus"," — PascalCase, it's a class name.",[788,1495,1496,868,1498,868,1500,868,1502,1504],{},[791,1497,1389],{},[791,1499,1466],{},[791,1501,1470],{},[791,1503,1461],{}," — camelCase, and each name says exactly what the value is.",[788,1506,1507,868,1509,868,1511,868,1513,868,1515,868,1518,868,1521,1524],{},[791,1508,793],{},[791,1510,824],{},[791,1512,850],{},[791,1514,888],{},[791,1516,1517],{},"public",[791,1519,1520],{},"static",[791,1522,1523],{},"void"," are all lowercase types\u002Fkeywords — never chosen by you, always spelled exactly this way.",[768,1526,1528],{"id":1527},"the-finished-program","The Finished Program",[917,1530,1532],{"className":919,"code":1531,"language":921,"meta":922,"style":922},"public class IntakeStatus\n{\n    public static void main(String[] args)\n    {\n        int ballCount;\n        ballCount = 3;\n\n        double beltSpeed = 0.75;\n        boolean isJammed = false;\n        String subsystemName = \"Intake\";\n\n        System.out.println(\"Subsystem: \" + subsystemName);\n        System.out.println(\"Ball count: \" + ballCount);\n        System.out.println(\"Belt speed: \" + beltSpeed);\n        System.out.println(\"Jammed? \" + isJammed);\n    }\n}\n",[791,1533,1534,1538,1542,1546,1550,1555,1560,1564,1570,1576,1582,1587,1593,1599,1605,1611,1616],{"__ignoreMap":922},[926,1535,1536],{"class":928,"line":929},[926,1537,1279],{},[926,1539,1540],{"class":928,"line":1023},[926,1541,1284],{},[926,1543,1544],{"class":928,"line":1064},[926,1545,1289],{},[926,1547,1548],{"class":928,"line":1070},[926,1549,1294],{},[926,1551,1552],{"class":928,"line":1076},[926,1553,1554],{},"        int ballCount;\n",[926,1556,1557],{"class":928,"line":1083},[926,1558,1559],{},"        ballCount = 3;\n",[926,1561,1562],{"class":928,"line":1306},[926,1563,1080],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":1079},[926,1565,1567],{"class":928,"line":1566},8,[926,1568,1569],{},"        double beltSpeed = 0.75;\n",[926,1571,1573],{"class":928,"line":1572},9,[926,1574,1575],{},"        boolean isJammed = false;\n",[926,1577,1579],{"class":928,"line":1578},10,[926,1580,1581],{},"        String subsystemName = \"Intake\";\n",[926,1583,1585],{"class":928,"line":1584},11,[926,1586,1080],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":1079},[926,1588,1590],{"class":928,"line":1589},12,[926,1591,1592],{},"        System.out.println(\"Subsystem: \" + subsystemName);\n",[926,1594,1596],{"class":928,"line":1595},13,[926,1597,1598],{},"        System.out.println(\"Ball count: \" + ballCount);\n",[926,1600,1602],{"class":928,"line":1601},14,[926,1603,1604],{},"        System.out.println(\"Belt speed: \" + beltSpeed);\n",[926,1606,1608],{"class":928,"line":1607},15,[926,1609,1610],{},"        System.out.println(\"Jammed? \" + isJammed);\n",[926,1612,1614],{"class":928,"line":1613},16,[926,1615,1303],{},[926,1617,1619],{"class":928,"line":1618},17,[926,1620,1309],{},[773,1622,1623],{},"Output:",[917,1625,1630],{"className":1626,"code":1628,"language":1629},[1627],"language-text","Subsystem: Intake\nBall count: 3\nBelt speed: 0.75\nJammed? false\n","text",[791,1631,1628],{"__ignoreMap":922},[768,1633,1635],{"id":1634},"what-would-break-this","What Would Break This",[773,1637,1638,1639,1642,1643,1646,1647,1649,1650,1652],{},"If Step 4 had written ",[791,1640,1641],{},"int ballCount = 3.0;"," instead, it wouldn't compile — ",[791,1644,1645],{},"3.0"," is a ",[791,1648,824],{}," literal, and its decimal point doesn't fit in an ",[791,1651,793],{}," box. The type has to match what the value actually is, not just what number it looks like.",[768,1654,1656],{"id":1655},"recap","Recap",[785,1658,1659,1675,1677,1682,1688],{},[788,1660,1661,1662,868,1664,1467,1666,1668,1669,1671,1672,1674],{},"Java has exactly 8 primitive types; ",[791,1663,793],{},[791,1665,824],{},[791,1667,850],{}," covered three of our four values here, and ",[791,1670,888],{}," (built out of ",[791,1673,880],{},"s) covered the fourth.",[788,1676,1178],{},[788,1678,1679,1681],{},[791,1680,940],{}," means \"gets assigned,\" not \"equals\" — declaring and assigning can happen in one line or two.",[788,1683,1684,1685,1687],{},"A variable declared inside ",[791,1686,1269],{}," is a local variable — it only exists inside that method.",[788,1689,1690],{},"Variable names use camelCase and should describe what the value is; class names use PascalCase.",[1204,1692,1206],{},{"title":922,"searchDepth":1023,"depth":1023,"links":1694},[1695,1696,1697,1699,1700,1701,1702,1703,1704,1705,1706],{"id":1230,"depth":1023,"text":1231},{"id":1237,"depth":1023,"text":1238},{"id":1265,"depth":1023,"text":1698},"Step 2: Set Up the Class and main",{"id":1326,"depth":1023,"text":1327},{"id":1361,"depth":1023,"text":1362},{"id":1403,"depth":1023,"text":1404},{"id":1430,"depth":1023,"text":1431},{"id":1484,"depth":1023,"text":1485},{"id":1527,"depth":1023,"text":1528},{"id":1634,"depth":1023,"text":1635},{"id":1655,"depth":1023,"text":1656},{"outlineRef":1217,"pairsWith":1708,"status":1709},"[`lessons\u002Fch02-variables-and-types\u002F2.1-variables-and-data-types.md`](..\u002F..\u002Flessons\u002Fch02-variables-and-types\u002F2.1-variables-and-data-types.md)","new — authored worked example (fully solved, walked step by step — not a problem to attempt)",{"title":443,"description":922},"KrmPwL2ipH_BsgexvfxWQEbyxOk87U88s_TiCqZZir8",{"id":1713,"title":604,"body":1714,"description":922,"extension":1215,"meta":2037,"navigation":1079,"path":603,"seo":2039,"stem":605,"__hash__":2040},"exercises\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch02-variables-and-types\u002F2.1-variables-and-data-types.md",{"type":761,"value":1715,"toc":2033},[1716,1719,1723,1733,1738,1777,1783,1801,1825,1829,1835,1838,1900,1905,1911,1965,2031],[764,1717,604],{"id":1718},"variables-data-types-exercises",[768,1720,1722],{"id":1721},"multiple-choice","Multiple Choice",[773,1724,1725,1728,1729,1732],{},[777,1726,1727],{},"Question:"," A teammate declares ",[791,1730,1731],{},"int armAngleDegrees = 47.5;"," to store the arm's current angle. What happens when this code is compiled?",[773,1734,1735],{},[777,1736,1737],{},"Options:",[785,1739,1740,1750,1759,1770],{},[788,1741,1742,1743,1746,1747],{},"A. It compiles and stores ",[791,1744,1745],{},"47.5"," in ",[791,1748,1749],{},"armAngleDegrees",[788,1751,1752,1753,1746,1756,1758],{},"B. It compiles but stores ",[791,1754,1755],{},"47",[791,1757,1749],{},", dropping the decimal",[788,1760,1761,1762,1646,1764,1766,1767,1769],{},"C. It fails to compile, because ",[791,1763,1745],{},[791,1765,824],{}," literal and can't be stored in an ",[791,1768,793],{}," variable",[788,1771,1772,1773,1776],{},"D. It compiles and stores ",[791,1774,1775],{},"48",", rounding to the nearest whole number",[773,1778,1779,1782],{},[777,1780,1781],{},"Answer:"," C",[773,1784,1785,1788,1789,1791,1792,1794,1795,1797,1798,1800],{},[777,1786,1787],{},"Why:"," The type has to match the value being assigned. ",[791,1790,1745],{}," has a decimal point, which makes it a ",[791,1793,824],{}," literal — and a ",[791,1796,824],{}," value doesn't fit in an ",[791,1799,793],{}," box, so the compiler rejects the line before the program ever runs.",[785,1802,1803,1809,1822],{},[788,1804,1805,1806,1808],{},"A is wrong because an ",[791,1807,793],{}," variable can never hold a decimal value; nothing gets stored, since the code doesn't compile.",[788,1810,1811,1812,1814,1815,1817,1818,1821],{},"B is wrong because that's what happens if you deliberately cast a ",[791,1813,824],{}," down to an ",[791,1816,793],{}," (",[791,1819,1820],{},"(int) 47.5",") — not what happens from a plain mismatched declaration, which doesn't compile at all.",[788,1823,1824],{},"D is wrong because Java never rounds automatically; nothing here rounds on a plain assignment.",[768,1826,1828],{"id":1827},"micro-parsons","Micro-Parsons",[773,1830,1831,1834],{},[777,1832,1833],{},"Problem:"," These lines, once correctly ordered, form a complete program that reports a winch's cable length and whether it's currently locked.",[773,1836,1837],{},"Reorder the fragments below into a working program:",[785,1839,1840,1846,1852,1858,1864,1870,1876,1882,1888,1894],{},[788,1841,1842,1843],{},"a. ",[791,1844,1845],{},"        cableLengthInches = 18;",[788,1847,1848,1849],{},"b. ",[791,1850,1851],{},"public class WinchStatus",[788,1853,1854,1855],{},"c. ",[791,1856,1857],{},"    }",[788,1859,1860,1861],{},"d. ",[791,1862,1863],{},"}",[788,1865,1866,1867],{},"e. ",[791,1868,1869],{},"{",[788,1871,1872,1873],{},"f. ",[791,1874,1875],{},"    public static void main(String[] args)",[788,1877,1878,1879],{},"g. ",[791,1880,1881],{},"    {",[788,1883,1884,1885],{},"h. ",[791,1886,1887],{},"        int cableLengthInches;",[788,1889,1890,1891],{},"i. ",[791,1892,1893],{},"        boolean isLocked = true;",[788,1895,1896,1897],{},"j. ",[791,1898,1899],{},"        System.out.println(\"Cable length: \" + cableLengthInches + \", locked: \" + isLocked);",[773,1901,1902,1904],{},[777,1903,1781],{}," b, e, f, g, h, a, i, j, c, d",[773,1906,1907,1910],{},[777,1908,1909],{},"Interchangeable:"," (a, i)",[917,1912,1914],{"className":919,"code":1913,"language":921,"meta":922,"style":922},"public class WinchStatus\n{\n    public static void main(String[] args)\n    {\n        int cableLengthInches;\n        cableLengthInches = 18;\n        boolean isLocked = true;\n\n        System.out.println(\"Cable length: \" + cableLengthInches + \", locked: \" + isLocked);\n    }\n}\n",[791,1915,1916,1921,1925,1929,1933,1938,1943,1948,1952,1957,1961],{"__ignoreMap":922},[926,1917,1918],{"class":928,"line":929},[926,1919,1920],{},"public class WinchStatus\n",[926,1922,1923],{"class":928,"line":1023},[926,1924,1284],{},[926,1926,1927],{"class":928,"line":1064},[926,1928,1289],{},[926,1930,1931],{"class":928,"line":1070},[926,1932,1294],{},[926,1934,1935],{"class":928,"line":1076},[926,1936,1937],{},"        int cableLengthInches;\n",[926,1939,1940],{"class":928,"line":1083},[926,1941,1942],{},"        cableLengthInches = 18;\n",[926,1944,1945],{"class":928,"line":1306},[926,1946,1947],{},"        boolean isLocked = true;\n",[926,1949,1950],{"class":928,"line":1566},[926,1951,1080],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":1079},[926,1953,1954],{"class":928,"line":1572},[926,1955,1956],{},"        System.out.println(\"Cable length: \" + cableLengthInches + \", locked: \" + isLocked);\n",[926,1958,1959],{"class":928,"line":1578},[926,1960,1303],{},[926,1962,1963],{"class":928,"line":1584},[926,1964,1309],{},[773,1966,1967,1970,1971,1974,1975,1978,1979,1817,1981,1983,1984,1987,1988,1991,1992,1995,1996,1999,2000,1817,2003,2006,2007,2009,2010,2013,2014,1817,2016,2019,2020,2022,2023,2026,2027,2030],{},[777,1968,1969],{},"Why this order:"," The class line (",[791,1972,1973],{},"b",") and its opening brace (",[791,1976,1977],{},"e",") come first, then ",[791,1980,1269],{},[791,1982,838],{},") and its own opening brace (",[791,1985,1986],{},"g",") — every program starts from this same skeleton. ",[791,1989,1990],{},"cableLengthInches"," is declared on its own (",[791,1993,1994],{},"h",") with no value yet, so it has to be assigned (",[791,1997,1998],{},"a",") on a separate, later line before anything can use it — declaring and assigning are two separate steps here, and the assignment can't come first. ",[791,2001,2002],{},"isLocked",[791,2004,2005],{},"i",") is declared and assigned together, and since it doesn't depend on ",[791,2008,1990],{}," at all, it could technically sit anywhere before the ",[791,2011,2012],{},"println"," — it's placed where it is simply to match the order the variables are described in the problem. The ",[791,2015,2012],{},[791,2017,2018],{},"j",") has to come after every variable it reads already has a value. Then the braces close in the reverse order they opened: ",[791,2021,1269],{},"'s body first (",[791,2024,2025],{},"c","), then the class's body (",[791,2028,2029],{},"d",").",[1204,2032,1206],{},{"title":922,"searchDepth":1023,"depth":1023,"links":2034},[2035,2036],{"id":1721,"depth":1023,"text":1722},{"id":1827,"depth":1023,"text":1828},{"outlineRef":1217,"pairsWith":1708,"status":2038},"new — authored exercises (Multiple Choice + Micro-Parsons)",{"title":604,"description":922},"_qjP52ecwrHL7B_JgaJWu3aIbWe04dN_ouPJtCdE1b4",1790274943699]