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FRC?","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch01-why-java-for-frc\u002F1.1-why-java-for-frc",{"path":9,"title":10,"stem":11},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch01-why-java-for-frc\u002F2-intro-to-algorithms-programming-and-compilers","Intro to Algorithms, Programming & Compilers","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch01-why-java-for-frc\u002F1.2-intro-to-algorithms-programming-and-compilers",{"path":13,"title":14,"stem":15},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch02-variables-and-types\u002F1-variables-and-data-types","Variables & Data Types","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch02-variables-and-types\u002F2.1-variables-and-data-types",{"path":17,"title":18,"stem":19},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch02-variables-and-types\u002F2-expressions-and-output","Expressions & 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Operators","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch02-variables-and-types\u002F2.5-compound-assignment-operators",{"path":33,"title":34,"stem":35},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch03-apis-libraries-and-documentation\u002F1-apis-and-libraries","APIs and Libraries","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch03-apis-libraries-and-documentation\u002F3.1-apis-and-libraries",{"path":37,"title":38,"stem":39},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch03-apis-libraries-and-documentation\u002F2-documentation-with-comments-and-preconditions","Documentation with Comments and Preconditions","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch03-apis-libraries-and-documentation\u002F3.2-documentation-with-comments-and-preconditions",{"path":41,"title":42,"stem":43},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch03-apis-libraries-and-documentation\u002F3-packages-and-imports","Packages & Imports","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch03-apis-libraries-and-documentation\u002F3.3-packages-and-imports",{"path":45,"title":46,"stem":47},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F1-methods-signatures-and-parameters","Methods, Signatures & Parameters","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F4.1-methods-signatures-and-parameters",{"path":49,"title":50,"stem":51},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F2-calling-class-methods","Calling Class Methods","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F4.2-calling-class-methods",{"path":53,"title":54,"stem":55},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F3-using-the-math-class","Using the Math Class","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F4.3-using-the-math-class",{"path":57,"title":58,"stem":59},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F4-objects-instances-of-classes","Objects — Instances of Classes","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F4.4-objects-instances-of-classes",{"path":61,"title":62,"stem":63},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F5-creating-and-initializing-objects-constructors","Creating & Initializing Objects: Constructors","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F4.5-creating-and-initializing-objects-constructors",{"path":65,"title":66,"stem":67},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F6-calling-instance-methods","Calling Instance Methods","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F4.6-calling-instance-methods",{"path":69,"title":70,"stem":71},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F1-5.2-if-statements-and-for-loops","Control Structures: if Statements & For Loops","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5.1-5.2-if-statements-and-for-loops",{"path":73,"title":74,"stem":75},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F10-nested-iteration","Nested Iteration","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5.10-nested-iteration",{"path":77,"title":78,"stem":79},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F11-informal-runtime-analysis-of-loops","Informal Runtime Analysis of Loops","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5.11-informal-runtime-analysis-of-loops",{"path":81,"title":82,"stem":83},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F3-algorithms-with-selection-and-repetition","Algorithms with Selection and Repetition","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5.3-algorithms-with-selection-and-repetition",{"path":85,"title":86,"stem":87},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F4-boolean-expressions","Boolean Expressions","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5.4-boolean-expressions",{"path":89,"title":90,"stem":91},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5-nested-if-statements","Nested if Statements","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5.5-nested-if-statements",{"path":93,"title":94,"stem":95},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F6-compound-boolean-expressions","Compound Boolean Expressions","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5.6-compound-boolean-expressions",{"path":97,"title":98,"stem":99},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F7-comparing-boolean-expressions-de-morgans-laws","Comparing Boolean Expressions (De Morgan's Laws)","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5.7-comparing-boolean-expressions-de-morgans-laws",{"path":101,"title":102,"stem":103},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F8-while-loops","While Loops","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5.8-while-loops",{"path":105,"title":106,"stem":107},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F9-implementing-selection-and-iteration-algorithms","Implementing Selection and Iteration Algorithms","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5.9-implementing-selection-and-iteration-algorithms",{"path":109,"title":110,"stem":111},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch06-strings\u002F1-strings","Strings","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch06-strings\u002F6.1-strings",{"path":113,"title":114,"stem":115},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch06-strings\u002F2-string-algorithms","String Algorithms","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch06-strings\u002F6.2-string-algorithms",{"path":117,"title":118,"stem":119},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch07-the-class-blueprint\u002F1-anatomy-of-a-java-class","The Class Blueprint","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch07-the-class-blueprint\u002F7.1-anatomy-of-a-java-class",{"path":121,"title":122,"stem":123},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch07-the-class-blueprint\u002F2-methods-how-to-write-them","Methods: How to Write Them","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch07-the-class-blueprint\u002F7.2-methods-how-to-write-them",{"path":125,"title":126,"stem":127},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch07-the-class-blueprint\u002F3-methods-passing-and-returning-references-of-an-object","Methods: Passing & Returning References of an Object","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch07-the-class-blueprint\u002F7.3-methods-passing-and-returning-references-of-an-object",{"path":129,"title":130,"stem":131},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch07-the-class-blueprint\u002F4-class-static-variables-and-methods","Class (static) Variables & Methods","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch07-the-class-blueprint\u002F7.4-class-static-variables-and-methods",{"path":133,"title":134,"stem":135},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch08-constructors-and-this\u002F1-8.2-constructors-and-this","Constructors & \"this\"","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch08-constructors-and-this\u002F8.1-8.2-constructors-and-this",{"path":137,"title":138,"stem":139},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F1-array-creation-and-access","Array Creation and Access","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F9.1-array-creation-and-access",{"path":141,"title":142,"stem":143},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F2-arraylist-and-its-methods","ArrayList and its Methods","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F9.2-arraylist-and-its-methods",{"path":145,"title":146,"stem":147},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F3-optional-hashmap-dictionary-data-structure","Optional: HashMap (Dictionary) Data Structure","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F9.3-optional-hashmap-dictionary-data-structure",{"path":149,"title":150,"stem":151},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F4-array-traversals","Array Traversals","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F9.4-array-traversals",{"path":153,"title":154,"stem":155},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F5-implementing-array-algorithms","Implementing Array Algorithms","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F9.5-implementing-array-algorithms",{"path":157,"title":158,"stem":159},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F6-arraylist-traversals","ArrayList Traversals","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F9.6-arraylist-traversals",{"path":161,"title":162,"stem":163},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F7-implementing-arraylist-algorithms","Implementing ArrayList Algorithms","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F9.7-implementing-arraylist-algorithms",{"path":165,"title":166,"stem":167},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F8-using-text-files","Using Text Files","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F9.8-using-text-files",{"path":169,"title":170,"stem":171},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch10-2d-arrays\u002F1-2d-array-creation-and-access","2D Array Creation and Access","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch10-2d-arrays\u002F10.1-2d-array-creation-and-access",{"path":173,"title":174,"stem":175},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch10-2d-arrays\u002F2-2d-array-traversals-nested-loops","2D Array Traversals: Nested Loops","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch10-2d-arrays\u002F10.2-2d-array-traversals-nested-loops",{"path":177,"title":178,"stem":179},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch10-2d-arrays\u002F3-implementing-2d-array-algorithms","Implementing 2D Array Algorithms","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch10-2d-arrays\u002F10.3-implementing-2d-array-algorithms",{"path":181,"title":182,"stem":183},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch11-enums-named-choices\u002F11-enums-named-choices","Enums: Named Choices","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch11-enums-named-choices\u002F11-enums-named-choices",{"path":185,"title":186,"stem":187},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch12-exceptions-and-try-catch\u002F12-exceptions-and-try-catch","Exceptions & try\u002Fcatch","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch12-exceptions-and-try-catch\u002F12-exceptions-and-try-catch",{"path":189,"title":190,"stem":191},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch13-common-gotchas\u002F13-common-gotchas","Common Gotchas","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch13-common-gotchas\u002F13-common-gotchas",{"path":193,"title":194,"stem":195},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch14-why-design-patterns\u002F14-why-design-patterns","Why Design Patterns?","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch14-why-design-patterns\u002F14-why-design-patterns",{"path":197,"title":198,"stem":199},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch15-advanced-collections\u002F15-advanced-collections","Advanced Collections (Set\u002FQueue\u002FMap)","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch15-advanced-collections\u002F15-advanced-collections",{"path":201,"title":202,"stem":203},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch16-writing-your-own-generics\u002F16-writing-your-own-generics","Writing Your Own Generics","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch16-writing-your-own-generics\u002F16-writing-your-own-generics",{"path":205,"title":206,"stem":207},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch17-inheritance-and-abstractions\u002F1-inheritance-superclass-subclass","Inheritance, Superclass, Subclass","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch17-inheritance-and-abstractions\u002F17.1-inheritance-superclass-subclass",{"path":209,"title":210,"stem":211},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch17-inheritance-and-abstractions\u002F2-inheritance-and-constructors","Inheritance and Constructors","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch17-inheritance-and-abstractions\u002F17.2-inheritance-and-constructors",{"path":213,"title":214,"stem":215},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch17-inheritance-and-abstractions\u002F3-inheritance-hierarchies","Inheritance Hierarchies","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch17-inheritance-and-abstractions\u002F17.3-inheritance-hierarchies",{"path":217,"title":218,"stem":219},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch17-inheritance-and-abstractions\u002F4-object-superclass","Object Superclass","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch17-inheritance-and-abstractions\u002F17.4-object-superclass",{"path":221,"title":222,"stem":223},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch18-polymorphism-many-forms\u002F1-overriding-methods","Overriding Methods","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch18-polymorphism-many-forms\u002F18.1-overriding-methods",{"path":225,"title":226,"stem":227},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch18-polymorphism-many-forms\u002F2-super-keyword","super Keyword","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch18-polymorphism-many-forms\u002F18.2-super-keyword",{"path":229,"title":230,"stem":231},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch18-polymorphism-many-forms\u002F3-polymorphism","Polymorphism","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch18-polymorphism-many-forms\u002F18.3-polymorphism",{"path":233,"title":234,"stem":235},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch19-interfaces-as-contracts\u002F19-interfaces-as-contracts","Interfaces as Contracts","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch19-interfaces-as-contracts\u002F19-interfaces-as-contracts",{"path":237,"title":238,"stem":239},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch19-interfaces-as-contracts\u002F1-lambdas-and-method-references","Lambdas & Method References","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch19-interfaces-as-contracts\u002F19.1-lambdas-and-method-references",{"path":241,"title":242,"stem":243},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch20-the-io-layer-pattern\u002F20-the-io-layer-pattern","The IO-Layer Pattern","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch20-the-io-layer-pattern\u002F20-the-io-layer-pattern",{"path":245,"title":246,"stem":247},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch21-static-factories\u002F21-static-factories","Static Factories","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch21-static-factories\u002F21-static-factories",{"path":249,"title":250,"stem":251},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch22-the-builder-pattern\u002F22-the-builder-pattern","The Builder Pattern","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch22-the-builder-pattern\u002F22-the-builder-pattern",{"path":253,"title":254,"stem":255},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch23-encapsulation-and-final\u002F1-scope-and-access","Scope and Access","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch23-encapsulation-and-final\u002F23.1-scope-and-access",{"path":257,"title":258,"stem":259},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch24-optional-avoiding-null-pointer-exceptions\u002F24-optional-avoiding-null-pointer-exceptions","Optional: Avoiding Null Pointer Exceptions","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch24-optional-avoiding-null-pointer-exceptions\u002F24-optional-avoiding-null-pointer-exceptions",{"path":261,"title":262,"stem":263},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch25-command-based-programming\u002F1-what-is-command-based-programming","What Is Command-Based Programming?","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch25-command-based-programming\u002F25.1-what-is-command-based-programming",{"path":265,"title":266,"stem":267},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch25-command-based-programming\u002F2-commands-and-command-compositions","Commands & Command Compositions","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch25-command-based-programming\u002F25.2-commands-and-command-compositions",{"path":269,"title":270,"stem":271},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch25-command-based-programming\u002F3-the-command-scheduler","The Command Scheduler","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch25-command-based-programming\u002F25.3-the-command-scheduler",{"path":273,"title":274,"stem":275},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch25-command-based-programming\u002F4-state-machines-logic","State Machines: Logic","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch25-command-based-programming\u002F25.4-state-machines-logic",{"path":277,"title":278,"stem":279},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch25-command-based-programming\u002F5-managing-transitions","Managing Transitions","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch25-command-based-programming\u002F25.5-managing-transitions",{"path":281,"title":282,"stem":283},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch25-command-based-programming\u002F6-binding-commands-to-triggers","Binding Commands to Triggers","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch25-command-based-programming\u002F25.6-binding-commands-to-triggers",{"path":285,"title":286,"stem":287},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch25-command-based-programming\u002F7-structuring-a-command-based-robot-project","Structuring a Command-Based Robot Project","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch25-command-based-programming\u002F25.7-structuring-a-command-based-robot-project",{"path":289,"title":290,"stem":291},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch26-architecture-takeaways\u002F26-architecture-takeaways","Architecture Takeaways","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch26-architecture-takeaways\u002F26-architecture-takeaways",{"path":293,"title":294,"stem":295},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch27-program-design-and-abstraction\u002F1-abstraction-and-program-design","Abstraction and Program Design","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch27-program-design-and-abstraction\u002F27.1-abstraction-and-program-design",{"path":297,"title":298,"stem":299},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch27-program-design-and-abstraction\u002F2-impact-of-program-design","Impact of Program Design","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch27-program-design-and-abstraction\u002F27.2-impact-of-program-design",{"path":301,"title":302,"stem":303},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch28-algorithms-searching-sorting-recursion\u002F1-searching-algorithms","Searching Algorithms","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch28-algorithms-searching-sorting-recursion\u002F28.1-searching-algorithms",{"path":305,"title":306,"stem":307},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch28-algorithms-searching-sorting-recursion\u002F2-sorting-algorithms","Sorting Algorithms","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch28-algorithms-searching-sorting-recursion\u002F28.2-sorting-algorithms",{"path":309,"title":310,"stem":311},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch28-algorithms-searching-sorting-recursion\u002F3-recursion","Recursion","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch28-algorithms-searching-sorting-recursion\u002F28.3-recursion",{"path":313,"title":314,"stem":315},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch28-algorithms-searching-sorting-recursion\u002F4-recursive-searching-and-sorting","Recursive Searching and Sorting","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch28-algorithms-searching-sorting-recursion\u002F28.4-recursive-searching-and-sorting",{"path":317,"title":318,"stem":319},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch29-git-and-github-basics\u002F1-coming-soon","Git & GitHub Basics — Coming Soon","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch29-git-and-github-basics\u002F29.1-coming-soon",{"path":321,"title":322,"stem":323},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch30-git-history-and-merging\u002F1-coming-soon","Git — History & Merging — Coming Soon","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch30-git-history-and-merging\u002F30.1-coming-soon",{"path":325,"title":326,"stem":327},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch31-dev-environment-and-tooling\u002F1-coming-soon","Dev Environment & Tooling — Coming Soon","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch31-dev-environment-and-tooling\u002F31.1-coming-soon",{"path":329,"title":330,"stem":331},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch32-unit-testing\u002F1-coming-soon","Unit Testing — Coming Soon","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch32-unit-testing\u002F32.1-coming-soon",{"path":333,"title":334,"stem":335},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch33-advantagekit-autologging\u002F1-coming-soon","AdvantageKit — AutoLogging — Coming Soon","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch33-advantagekit-autologging\u002F33.1-coming-soon",{"path":337,"title":338,"stem":339},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch34-log-replay\u002F1-coming-soon","Log Replay — Coming Soon","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch34-log-replay\u002F34.1-coming-soon",{"path":341,"title":342,"stem":343},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch35-advantagescope-i-visualization\u002F1-coming-soon","AdvantageScope I: Visualization — Coming Soon","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch35-advantagescope-i-visualization\u002F35.1-coming-soon",{"path":345,"title":346,"stem":347},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch36-advantagescope-ii-custom-3d-assets\u002F1-coming-soon","AdvantageScope II: Custom 3D Assets — Coming Soon","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch36-advantagescope-ii-custom-3d-assets\u002F36.1-coming-soon",{"path":349,"title":350,"stem":351},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch37-autonomous-i\u002F1-coming-soon","Autonomous I — Coming Soon","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch37-autonomous-i\u002F37.1-coming-soon",{"path":353,"title":354,"stem":355},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch38-autonomous-ii-pathplanner-and-trajectories\u002F1-coming-soon","Autonomous II: PathPlanner & Trajectories — Coming Soon","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch38-autonomous-ii-pathplanner-and-trajectories\u002F38.1-coming-soon",{"path":357,"title":358,"stem":359},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch39-control-fundamentals\u002F1-coming-soon","Control Fundamentals — Coming Soon","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch39-control-fundamentals\u002F39.1-coming-soon",{"path":361,"title":362,"stem":363},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch40-motion-profiles\u002F1-coming-soon","Motion Profiles — Coming Soon","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch40-motion-profiles\u002F40.1-coming-soon",{"path":365,"title":366,"stem":367},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch41-hardware-fundamentals\u002F1-coming-soon","Hardware Fundamentals — Coming Soon","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch41-hardware-fundamentals\u002F41.1-coming-soon",{"path":369,"title":370,"stem":371},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch42-photonvision\u002F1-coming-soon","PhotonVision — Coming Soon","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch42-photonvision\u002F42.1-coming-soon",{"path":373,"title":374,"stem":375},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch43-apriltags-and-pose\u002F1-coming-soon","AprilTags & Pose — Coming Soon","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch43-apriltags-and-pose\u002F43.1-coming-soon",{"path":377,"title":378,"stem":379},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch44-subsystems-i\u002F1-coming-soon","Subsystems I — Coming Soon","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch44-subsystems-i\u002F44.1-coming-soon",{"path":381,"title":382,"stem":383},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch45-subsystems-ii-advanced\u002F1-coming-soon","Subsystems II — Advanced — Coming Soon","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch45-subsystems-ii-advanced\u002F45.1-coming-soon",{"path":385,"title":386,"stem":387},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch46-team-utilities-i\u002F1-coming-soon","Team Utilities I — Coming Soon","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch46-team-utilities-i\u002F46.1-coming-soon",{"path":389,"title":390,"stem":391},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch47-field-constants\u002F1-coming-soon","Field Constants — Coming Soon","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch47-field-constants\u002F47.1-coming-soon",{"path":393,"title":394,"stem":395},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch48-troubleshooting-i-runtime-debug\u002F1-coming-soon","Troubleshooting I — Runtime Debug — Coming Soon","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch48-troubleshooting-i-runtime-debug\u002F48.1-coming-soon",{"path":397,"title":398,"stem":399},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch49-troubleshooting-ii-can-and-sim\u002F1-coming-soon","Troubleshooting II: CAN & Sim — Coming Soon","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch49-troubleshooting-ii-can-and-sim\u002F49.1-coming-soon",{"path":401,"title":402,"stem":403},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch50-vendor-libraries-talonfx\u002F1-coming-soon","Vendor Libraries: TalonFX — Coming Soon","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch50-vendor-libraries-talonfx\u002F50.1-coming-soon",{"path":405,"title":406,"stem":407},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch51-robot-alerts\u002F1-coming-soon","Robot Alerts — Coming Soon","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch51-robot-alerts\u002F51.1-coming-soon",{"path":409,"title":410,"stem":411},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch52-wpilib-commands\u002F1-coming-soon","WPILib Commands — Coming Soon","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch52-wpilib-commands\u002F52.1-coming-soon",{"path":413,"title":414,"stem":415},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch53-wpilib-geometry\u002F1-coming-soon","WPILib Geometry — Coming Soon","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch53-wpilib-geometry\u002F53.1-coming-soon",{"path":417,"title":418,"stem":419},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch54-networktables\u002F1-coming-soon","NetworkTables — Coming Soon","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch54-networktables\u002F54.1-coming-soon",{"path":421,"title":422,"stem":423},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch55-command-scheduler\u002F1-coming-soon","Command Scheduler — Coming Soon","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch55-command-scheduler\u002F55.1-coming-soon",{"path":425,"title":426,"stem":427},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch56-wpilib-timers\u002F1-coming-soon","WPILib Timers — Coming Soon","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch56-wpilib-timers\u002F56.1-coming-soon",{"path":429,"title":430,"stem":431},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch57-wpilib-triggers\u002F1-coming-soon","WPILib Triggers — Coming Soon","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch57-wpilib-triggers\u002F57.1-coming-soon",{"path":433,"title":434,"stem":435},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch58-vendor-units-and-conversions\u002F1-coming-soon","Vendor Units & Conversions — Coming Soon","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch58-vendor-units-and-conversions\u002F58.1-coming-soon",[437,441,445,449,453,457,461,465,469,473,477,481,485,489,493,497,501,505,509,513,517,521,525,529,533,537,541,545,549,553,557,561,565,569,573,577,581,585,589,593],{"path":438,"title":439,"stem":440},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch01-why-java-for-frc\u002F2-intro-to-algorithms-programming-and-compilers","Intro to Algorithms, Programming & Compilers — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch01-why-java-for-frc\u002F1.2-intro-to-algorithms-programming-and-compilers",{"path":442,"title":443,"stem":444},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch02-variables-and-types\u002F1-variables-and-data-types","Variables & Data Types — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch02-variables-and-types\u002F2.1-variables-and-data-types",{"path":446,"title":447,"stem":448},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch02-variables-and-types\u002F2-expressions-and-output","Expressions & Output — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch02-variables-and-types\u002F2.2-expressions-and-output",{"path":450,"title":451,"stem":452},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch02-variables-and-types\u002F3-assignment-and-input","Assignment & Input — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch02-variables-and-types\u002F2.3-assignment-and-input",{"path":454,"title":455,"stem":456},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch02-variables-and-types\u002F4-casting-and-ranges-of-values","Casting & Ranges of Values — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch02-variables-and-types\u002F2.4-casting-and-ranges-of-values",{"path":458,"title":459,"stem":460},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch02-variables-and-types\u002F5-compound-assignment-operators","Compound Assignment Operators — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch02-variables-and-types\u002F2.5-compound-assignment-operators",{"path":462,"title":463,"stem":464},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch03-apis-libraries-and-documentation\u002F1-apis-and-libraries","APIs and Libraries — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch03-apis-libraries-and-documentation\u002F3.1-apis-and-libraries",{"path":466,"title":467,"stem":468},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch03-apis-libraries-and-documentation\u002F2-documentation-with-comments-and-preconditions","Documentation with Comments and Preconditions — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch03-apis-libraries-and-documentation\u002F3.2-documentation-with-comments-and-preconditions",{"path":470,"title":471,"stem":472},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch03-apis-libraries-and-documentation\u002F3-packages-and-imports","Packages & Imports — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch03-apis-libraries-and-documentation\u002F3.3-packages-and-imports",{"path":474,"title":475,"stem":476},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F1-methods-signatures-and-parameters","Methods, Signatures & Parameters — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F4.1-methods-signatures-and-parameters",{"path":478,"title":479,"stem":480},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F2-calling-class-methods","Calling Class Methods — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F4.2-calling-class-methods",{"path":482,"title":483,"stem":484},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F3-using-the-math-class","Using the Math Class — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F4.3-using-the-math-class",{"path":486,"title":487,"stem":488},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F4-objects-instances-of-classes","Objects — Instances of Classes — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F4.4-objects-instances-of-classes",{"path":490,"title":491,"stem":492},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F5-creating-and-initializing-objects-constructors","Creating & Initializing Objects: Constructors — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F4.5-creating-and-initializing-objects-constructors",{"path":494,"title":495,"stem":496},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F6-calling-instance-methods","Calling Instance Methods — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F4.6-calling-instance-methods",{"path":498,"title":499,"stem":500},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F1-5.2-if-statements-and-for-loops","if Statements & For Loops — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5.1-5.2-if-statements-and-for-loops",{"path":502,"title":503,"stem":504},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F10-nested-iteration","Nested Iteration — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5.10-nested-iteration",{"path":506,"title":507,"stem":508},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F11-informal-runtime-analysis-of-loops","Informal Runtime Analysis of Loops — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5.11-informal-runtime-analysis-of-loops",{"path":510,"title":511,"stem":512},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F3-algorithms-with-selection-and-repetition","Algorithms with Selection and Repetition — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5.3-algorithms-with-selection-and-repetition",{"path":514,"title":515,"stem":516},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F4-boolean-expressions","Boolean Expressions — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5.4-boolean-expressions",{"path":518,"title":519,"stem":520},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5-nested-if-statements","Nested if Statements — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5.5-nested-if-statements",{"path":522,"title":523,"stem":524},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F6-compound-boolean-expressions","Compound Boolean Expressions — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5.6-compound-boolean-expressions",{"path":526,"title":527,"stem":528},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F7-comparing-boolean-expressions-de-morgans-laws","Comparing Boolean Expressions (De Morgan's Laws) — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5.7-comparing-boolean-expressions-de-morgans-laws",{"path":530,"title":531,"stem":532},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F8-while-loops","While Loops — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5.8-while-loops",{"path":534,"title":535,"stem":536},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F9-implementing-selection-and-iteration-algorithms","Implementing Selection and Iteration Algorithms — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5.9-implementing-selection-and-iteration-algorithms",{"path":538,"title":539,"stem":540},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch06-strings\u002F1-strings","Strings — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch06-strings\u002F6.1-strings",{"path":542,"title":543,"stem":544},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch06-strings\u002F2-string-algorithms","String Algorithms — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch06-strings\u002F6.2-string-algorithms",{"path":546,"title":547,"stem":548},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch07-the-class-blueprint\u002F1-anatomy-of-a-java-class","Anatomy of a Java Class — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch07-the-class-blueprint\u002F7.1-anatomy-of-a-java-class",{"path":550,"title":551,"stem":552},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch07-the-class-blueprint\u002F2-methods-how-to-write-them","Methods: How to Write Them — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch07-the-class-blueprint\u002F7.2-methods-how-to-write-them",{"path":554,"title":555,"stem":556},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch07-the-class-blueprint\u002F3-methods-passing-and-returning-references-of-an-object","Methods: Passing & Returning References of an Object — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch07-the-class-blueprint\u002F7.3-methods-passing-and-returning-references-of-an-object",{"path":558,"title":559,"stem":560},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch07-the-class-blueprint\u002F4-class-static-variables-and-methods","Class (static) Variables & Methods — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch07-the-class-blueprint\u002F7.4-class-static-variables-and-methods",{"path":562,"title":563,"stem":564},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch08-constructors-and-this\u002F1-8.2-constructors-and-this","Constructors & \"this\" — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch08-constructors-and-this\u002F8.1-8.2-constructors-and-this",{"path":566,"title":567,"stem":568},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F1-array-creation-and-access","Array Creation and Access — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F9.1-array-creation-and-access",{"path":570,"title":571,"stem":572},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F2-arraylist-and-its-methods","ArrayList and its Methods — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F9.2-arraylist-and-its-methods",{"path":574,"title":575,"stem":576},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F3-optional-hashmap-dictionary-data-structure","Optional: HashMap (Dictionary) Data Structure — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F9.3-optional-hashmap-dictionary-data-structure",{"path":578,"title":579,"stem":580},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F4-array-traversals","Array Traversals — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F9.4-array-traversals",{"path":582,"title":583,"stem":584},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F5-implementing-array-algorithms","Implementing Array Algorithms — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F9.5-implementing-array-algorithms",{"path":586,"title":587,"stem":588},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F6-arraylist-traversals","ArrayList Traversals — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F9.6-arraylist-traversals",{"path":590,"title":591,"stem":592},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F7-implementing-arraylist-algorithms","Implementing ArrayList Algorithms — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F9.7-implementing-arraylist-algorithms",{"path":594,"title":595,"stem":596},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F8-using-text-files","Using Text Files — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F9.8-using-text-files",[598,602,606,610,614,618,622,626,630,634,638,642,646,650,654,658,662,666,670,674,678,682,686,690,694,698,702,706,710,714,718,722,726,730,734,738,742,746,750,754],{"path":599,"title":600,"stem":601},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch01-why-java-for-frc\u002F2-intro-to-algorithms-programming-and-compilers","Intro to Algorithms, Programming & Compilers — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch01-why-java-for-frc\u002F1.2-intro-to-algorithms-programming-and-compilers",{"path":603,"title":604,"stem":605},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch02-variables-and-types\u002F1-variables-and-data-types","Variables & Data Types — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch02-variables-and-types\u002F2.1-variables-and-data-types",{"path":607,"title":608,"stem":609},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch02-variables-and-types\u002F2-expressions-and-output","Expressions & Output — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch02-variables-and-types\u002F2.2-expressions-and-output",{"path":611,"title":612,"stem":613},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch02-variables-and-types\u002F3-assignment-and-input","Assignment & Input — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch02-variables-and-types\u002F2.3-assignment-and-input",{"path":615,"title":616,"stem":617},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch02-variables-and-types\u002F4-casting-and-ranges-of-values","Casting & Ranges of Values — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch02-variables-and-types\u002F2.4-casting-and-ranges-of-values",{"path":619,"title":620,"stem":621},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch02-variables-and-types\u002F5-compound-assignment-operators","Compound Assignment Operators — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch02-variables-and-types\u002F2.5-compound-assignment-operators",{"path":623,"title":624,"stem":625},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch03-apis-libraries-and-documentation\u002F1-apis-and-libraries","APIs and Libraries — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch03-apis-libraries-and-documentation\u002F3.1-apis-and-libraries",{"path":627,"title":628,"stem":629},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch03-apis-libraries-and-documentation\u002F2-documentation-with-comments-and-preconditions","Documentation with Comments and Preconditions — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch03-apis-libraries-and-documentation\u002F3.2-documentation-with-comments-and-preconditions",{"path":631,"title":632,"stem":633},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch03-apis-libraries-and-documentation\u002F3-packages-and-imports","Packages & Imports — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch03-apis-libraries-and-documentation\u002F3.3-packages-and-imports",{"path":635,"title":636,"stem":637},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F1-methods-signatures-and-parameters","Methods, Signatures & Parameters — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F4.1-methods-signatures-and-parameters",{"path":639,"title":640,"stem":641},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F2-calling-class-methods","Calling Class Methods — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F4.2-calling-class-methods",{"path":643,"title":644,"stem":645},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F3-using-the-math-class","Using the Math Class — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F4.3-using-the-math-class",{"path":647,"title":648,"stem":649},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F4-objects-instances-of-classes","Objects — Instances of Classes — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F4.4-objects-instances-of-classes",{"path":651,"title":652,"stem":653},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F5-creating-and-initializing-objects-constructors","Creating & Initializing Objects: Constructors — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F4.5-creating-and-initializing-objects-constructors",{"path":655,"title":656,"stem":657},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F6-calling-instance-methods","Calling Instance Methods — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F4.6-calling-instance-methods",{"path":659,"title":660,"stem":661},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F1-5.2-if-statements-and-for-loops","if Statements & For Loops — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5.1-5.2-if-statements-and-for-loops",{"path":663,"title":664,"stem":665},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F10-nested-iteration","Nested Iteration — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5.10-nested-iteration",{"path":667,"title":668,"stem":669},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F11-informal-runtime-analysis-of-loops","Informal Runtime Analysis of Loops — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5.11-informal-runtime-analysis-of-loops",{"path":671,"title":672,"stem":673},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F3-algorithms-with-selection-and-repetition","Algorithms with Selection and Repetition — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5.3-algorithms-with-selection-and-repetition",{"path":675,"title":676,"stem":677},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F4-boolean-expressions","Boolean Expressions — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5.4-boolean-expressions",{"path":679,"title":680,"stem":681},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5-nested-if-statements","Nested if Statements — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5.5-nested-if-statements",{"path":683,"title":684,"stem":685},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F6-compound-boolean-expressions","Compound Boolean Expressions — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5.6-compound-boolean-expressions",{"path":687,"title":688,"stem":689},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F7-comparing-boolean-expressions-de-morgans-laws","Comparing Boolean Expressions (De Morgan's Laws) — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5.7-comparing-boolean-expressions-de-morgans-laws",{"path":691,"title":692,"stem":693},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F8-while-loops","While Loops — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5.8-while-loops",{"path":695,"title":696,"stem":697},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F9-implementing-selection-and-iteration-algorithms","Implementing Selection and Iteration Algorithms — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5.9-implementing-selection-and-iteration-algorithms",{"path":699,"title":700,"stem":701},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch06-strings\u002F1-strings","Strings — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch06-strings\u002F6.1-strings",{"path":703,"title":704,"stem":705},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch06-strings\u002F2-string-algorithms","String Algorithms — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch06-strings\u002F6.2-string-algorithms",{"path":707,"title":708,"stem":709},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch07-the-class-blueprint\u002F1-anatomy-of-a-java-class","Anatomy of a Java Class — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch07-the-class-blueprint\u002F7.1-anatomy-of-a-java-class",{"path":711,"title":712,"stem":713},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch07-the-class-blueprint\u002F2-methods-how-to-write-them","Methods: How to Write Them — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch07-the-class-blueprint\u002F7.2-methods-how-to-write-them",{"path":715,"title":716,"stem":717},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch07-the-class-blueprint\u002F3-methods-passing-and-returning-references-of-an-object","Methods: Passing & Returning References of an Object — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch07-the-class-blueprint\u002F7.3-methods-passing-and-returning-references-of-an-object",{"path":719,"title":720,"stem":721},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch07-the-class-blueprint\u002F4-class-static-variables-and-methods","Class (static) Variables & Methods — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch07-the-class-blueprint\u002F7.4-class-static-variables-and-methods",{"path":723,"title":724,"stem":725},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch08-constructors-and-this\u002F1-8.2-constructors-and-this","Constructors & \"this\" — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch08-constructors-and-this\u002F8.1-8.2-constructors-and-this",{"path":727,"title":728,"stem":729},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F1-array-creation-and-access","Array Creation and Access — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F9.1-array-creation-and-access",{"path":731,"title":732,"stem":733},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F2-arraylist-and-its-methods","ArrayList and its Methods — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F9.2-arraylist-and-its-methods",{"path":735,"title":736,"stem":737},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F3-optional-hashmap-dictionary-data-structure","Optional: HashMap (Dictionary) Data Structure — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F9.3-optional-hashmap-dictionary-data-structure",{"path":739,"title":740,"stem":741},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F4-array-traversals","Array Traversals — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F9.4-array-traversals",{"path":743,"title":744,"stem":745},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F5-implementing-array-algorithms","Implementing Array Algorithms — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F9.5-implementing-array-algorithms",{"path":747,"title":748,"stem":749},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F6-arraylist-traversals","ArrayList Traversals — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F9.6-arraylist-traversals",{"path":751,"title":752,"stem":753},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F7-implementing-arraylist-algorithms","Implementing ArrayList Algorithms — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F9.7-implementing-arraylist-algorithms",{"path":755,"title":756,"stem":757},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F8-using-text-files","Using Text Files — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F9.8-using-text-files",{"id":759,"title":38,"body":760,"description":778,"extension":962,"meta":963,"navigation":966,"path":37,"seo":967,"stem":39,"__hash__":968},"lessons\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch03-apis-libraries-and-documentation\u002F3.2-documentation-with-comments-and-preconditions.md",{"type":761,"value":762,"toc":955},"minimark",[763,767,772,808,812,816,828,865,884,888,891,895,914,918,940,951],[764,765,38],"h1",{"id":766},"documentation-with-comments-and-preconditions",[768,769,771],"h2",{"id":770},"three-kinds-of-comments","Three Kinds of Comments",[773,774,779],"pre",{"className":775,"code":776,"language":777,"meta":778,"style":778},"language-java shiki shiki-themes github-light github-dark","\u002F\u002F single-line comment\n\u002F* multi-line\n   comment *\u002F\n\u002F** a documentation comment — describes a class or method for other programmers *\u002F\n","java","",[780,781,782,790,796,802],"code",{"__ignoreMap":778},[783,784,787],"span",{"class":785,"line":786},"line",1,[783,788,789],{},"\u002F\u002F single-line comment\n",[783,791,793],{"class":785,"line":792},2,[783,794,795],{},"\u002F* multi-line\n",[783,797,799],{"class":785,"line":798},3,[783,800,801],{},"   comment *\u002F\n",[783,803,805],{"class":785,"line":804},4,[783,806,807],{},"\u002F** a documentation comment — describes a class or method for other programmers *\u002F\n",[809,810,811],"p",{},"The compiler ignores all three completely — they exist for whoever reads the code next, including future-you.",[768,813,815],{"id":814},"preconditions-and-postconditions","Preconditions and Postconditions",[809,817,818,819,823,824,827],{},"A ",[820,821,822],"strong",{},"precondition"," is what has to be true before a method is called for it to work correctly. A ",[820,825,826],{},"postcondition"," is what's guaranteed true after it runs.",[773,829,831],{"className":775,"code":830,"language":777,"meta":778,"style":778},"\u002F**\n * @param targetRPM the speed to spin up to\n * Precondition: targetRPM is between 0 and the motor's max RPM.\n * Postcondition: the motor ramps toward targetRPM.\n *\u002F\npublic void spinUpTo(double targetRPM) { ... }\n",[780,832,833,838,843,848,853,859],{"__ignoreMap":778},[783,834,835],{"class":785,"line":786},[783,836,837],{},"\u002F**\n",[783,839,840],{"class":785,"line":792},[783,841,842],{}," * @param targetRPM the speed to spin up to\n",[783,844,845],{"class":785,"line":798},[783,846,847],{}," * Precondition: targetRPM is between 0 and the motor's max RPM.\n",[783,849,850],{"class":785,"line":804},[783,851,852],{}," * Postcondition: the motor ramps toward targetRPM.\n",[783,854,856],{"class":785,"line":855},5,[783,857,858],{}," *\u002F\n",[783,860,862],{"class":785,"line":861},6,[783,863,864],{},"public void spinUpTo(double targetRPM) { ... }\n",[809,866,867,868,871,872,875,876,879,880,883],{},"Java doesn't enforce preconditions automatically — nothing stops you from calling ",[780,869,870],{},"spinUpTo(-500)",". A precondition is a documented expectation, not a guarantee the method checks it. ",[780,873,874],{},"Math.sqrt(-4)"," is a real example: nothing crashes, but the result is ",[780,877,878],{},"NaN"," (\"not a number\") because negative input violates ",[780,881,882],{},"sqrt","'s precondition.",[768,885,887],{"id":886},"why-bother-documenting-this","Why Bother Documenting This",[809,889,890],{},"Once you write a method, other people (including future-you, and your whole team) will call it without reading its implementation. Documenting preconditions and postconditions is how they know what's safe to pass in and what to expect back — without documentation, the only way to find out is to read the method's full source or guess.",[768,892,894],{"id":893},"common-pitfalls","Common Pitfalls",[896,897,898,908],"ul",{},[899,900,901,904,905,907],"li",{},[820,902,903],{},"Assuming a precondition is enforced."," Documenting a precondition doesn't make Java check it — passing a bad value can still silently produce a wrong result (like ",[780,906,878],{},") instead of an error.",[899,909,910,913],{},[820,911,912],{},"Skipping documentation on methods other people will call."," The cost of a two-line comment is much smaller than the cost of a teammate guessing wrong about what a method expects.",[768,915,917],{"id":916},"key-takeaways","Key Takeaways",[896,919,920,934,937],{},[899,921,922,925,926,929,930,933],{},[780,923,924],{},"\u002F\u002F",", ",[780,927,928],{},"\u002F* *\u002F",", and ",[780,931,932],{},"\u002F** *\u002F"," are the three comment styles; the compiler ignores all of them.",[899,935,936],{},"A precondition is what must be true before a method is called; a postcondition is what's guaranteed true after it returns.",[899,938,939],{},"Preconditions are documented expectations, not automatically enforced — violating one can produce a wrong result without an error.",[809,941,942,943,946,947,950],{},"Derived from ",[780,944,945],{},"csawesome-2026",": ",[780,948,949],{},"unit-1-using-objects-and-methods\u002F1.08-documentation-with-comments-and-preconditions.md"," (CSA 1.8)",[952,953,954],"style",{},"html .default .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-default);background: var(--shiki-default-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-default-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-default-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-default-text-decoration);}html .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-default);background: var(--shiki-default-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-default-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-default-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-default-text-decoration);}html .dark .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-dark);background: var(--shiki-dark-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-dark-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-dark-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-dark-text-decoration);}html.dark .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-dark);background: var(--shiki-dark-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-dark-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-dark-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-dark-text-decoration);}",{"title":778,"searchDepth":792,"depth":792,"links":956},[957,958,959,960,961],{"id":770,"depth":792,"text":771},{"id":814,"depth":792,"text":815},{"id":886,"depth":792,"text":887},{"id":893,"depth":792,"text":894},{"id":916,"depth":792,"text":917},"md",{"outlineRef":964,"status":965},"3.2 — Documentation with Comments and Preconditions (CSA 1.8)","new — authored lesson (fuller depth than the teaser slide)",true,{"title":38,"description":778},"Ndlw6iSvuMMfWqb8T5eQpESFc-h4G1cSh9FCptXgKM8",{"id":970,"title":467,"body":971,"description":778,"extension":962,"meta":1364,"navigation":966,"path":466,"seo":1367,"stem":468,"__hash__":1368},"examples\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch03-apis-libraries-and-documentation\u002F3.2-documentation-with-comments-and-preconditions.md",{"type":761,"value":972,"toc":1353},[973,976,980,983,987,1012,1019,1023,1041,1045,1056,1060,1108,1118,1122,1234,1255,1274,1278,1293,1319,1323,1328,1332,1351],[764,974,467],{"id":975},"documentation-with-comments-and-preconditions-worked-example",[768,977,979],{"id":978},"problem","Problem",[809,981,982],{},"Write a method your teammates can call to scale a joystick value (normally between -1.0 and 1.0) down to 75% power, for rookie drivers practicing on the drivetrain. Document it so a teammate knows what's safe to pass in without reading the method body — then show what happens if someone ignores the documentation.",[768,984,986],{"id":985},"step-1-write-the-method-first","Step 1: Write the Method First",[773,988,990],{"className":775,"code":989,"language":777,"meta":778,"style":778},"public static double scaleForRookie(double joystickValue)\n{\n    return joystickValue * 0.75;\n}\n",[780,991,992,997,1002,1007],{"__ignoreMap":778},[783,993,994],{"class":785,"line":786},[783,995,996],{},"public static double scaleForRookie(double joystickValue)\n",[783,998,999],{"class":785,"line":792},[783,1000,1001],{},"{\n",[783,1003,1004],{"class":785,"line":798},[783,1005,1006],{},"    return joystickValue * 0.75;\n",[783,1008,1009],{"class":785,"line":804},[783,1010,1011],{},"}\n",[809,1013,1014,1015,1018],{},"No documentation yet — just the behavior: multiply whatever comes in by ",[780,1016,1017],{},"0.75",".",[768,1020,1022],{"id":1021},"step-2-decide-the-precondition","Step 2: Decide the Precondition",[809,1024,1025,1026,1029,1030,1033,1034,1037,1038,1040],{},"For this method to do what it promises, ",[780,1027,1028],{},"joystickValue"," has to already be a real joystick reading: between ",[780,1031,1032],{},"-1.0"," and ",[780,1035,1036],{},"1.0",". That's the ",[820,1039,822],{}," — what has to be true before the method is called.",[768,1042,1044],{"id":1043},"step-3-decide-the-postcondition","Step 3: Decide the Postcondition",[809,1046,1047,1048,1033,1051,1037,1053,1055],{},"If the precondition holds, the method guarantees its result is between ",[780,1049,1050],{},"-0.75",[780,1052,1017],{},[820,1054,826],{}," — what's guaranteed true after the method runs.",[768,1057,1059],{"id":1058},"step-4-write-the-documentation-comment","Step 4: Write the Documentation Comment",[773,1061,1063],{"className":775,"code":1062,"language":777,"meta":778,"style":778},"\u002F**\n * @param joystickValue the raw joystick input\n * Precondition: joystickValue is between -1.0 and 1.0.\n * Postcondition: returns joystickValue scaled to 75% power, between -0.75 and 0.75.\n *\u002F\npublic static double scaleForRookie(double joystickValue)\n{\n    return joystickValue * 0.75;  \u002F\u002F scale down for rookie practice mode\n}\n",[780,1064,1065,1069,1074,1079,1084,1088,1092,1097,1103],{"__ignoreMap":778},[783,1066,1067],{"class":785,"line":786},[783,1068,837],{},[783,1070,1071],{"class":785,"line":792},[783,1072,1073],{}," * @param joystickValue the raw joystick input\n",[783,1075,1076],{"class":785,"line":798},[783,1077,1078],{}," * Precondition: joystickValue is between -1.0 and 1.0.\n",[783,1080,1081],{"class":785,"line":804},[783,1082,1083],{}," * Postcondition: returns joystickValue scaled to 75% power, between -0.75 and 0.75.\n",[783,1085,1086],{"class":785,"line":855},[783,1087,858],{},[783,1089,1090],{"class":785,"line":861},[783,1091,996],{},[783,1093,1095],{"class":785,"line":1094},7,[783,1096,1001],{},[783,1098,1100],{"class":785,"line":1099},8,[783,1101,1102],{},"    return joystickValue * 0.75;  \u002F\u002F scale down for rookie practice mode\n",[783,1104,1106],{"class":785,"line":1105},9,[783,1107,1011],{},[809,1109,1110,1111,1114,1115,1117],{},"The ",[780,1112,1113],{},"\u002F** ... *\u002F"," block is a documentation comment — it describes the method for other programmers. The ",[780,1116,924],{}," on the return line is a single-line comment, just a quick note next to the code it explains. Both are ignored completely by the compiler.",[768,1119,1121],{"id":1120},"step-5-put-it-in-a-file","Step 5: Put It in a File",[773,1123,1125],{"className":775,"code":1124,"language":777,"meta":778,"style":778},"\u002F* RookieMode.java\n   Scales joystick input down for rookie drivers practicing on the drivetrain. *\u002F\npublic class RookieMode\n{\n    public static void main(String[] args)\n    {\n        double scaled = scaleForRookie(0.8);\n        System.out.println(scaled);\n    }\n\n    \u002F**\n     * @param joystickValue the raw joystick input\n     * Precondition: joystickValue is between -1.0 and 1.0.\n     * Postcondition: returns joystickValue scaled to 75% power, between -0.75 and 0.75.\n     *\u002F\n    public static double scaleForRookie(double joystickValue)\n    {\n        return joystickValue * 0.75;  \u002F\u002F scale down for rookie practice mode\n    }\n}\n",[780,1126,1127,1132,1137,1142,1146,1151,1156,1161,1166,1171,1177,1183,1189,1195,1201,1207,1213,1218,1224,1229],{"__ignoreMap":778},[783,1128,1129],{"class":785,"line":786},[783,1130,1131],{},"\u002F* RookieMode.java\n",[783,1133,1134],{"class":785,"line":792},[783,1135,1136],{},"   Scales joystick input down for rookie drivers practicing on the drivetrain. *\u002F\n",[783,1138,1139],{"class":785,"line":798},[783,1140,1141],{},"public class RookieMode\n",[783,1143,1144],{"class":785,"line":804},[783,1145,1001],{},[783,1147,1148],{"class":785,"line":855},[783,1149,1150],{},"    public static void main(String[] args)\n",[783,1152,1153],{"class":785,"line":861},[783,1154,1155],{},"    {\n",[783,1157,1158],{"class":785,"line":1094},[783,1159,1160],{},"        double scaled = scaleForRookie(0.8);\n",[783,1162,1163],{"class":785,"line":1099},[783,1164,1165],{},"        System.out.println(scaled);\n",[783,1167,1168],{"class":785,"line":1105},[783,1169,1170],{},"    }\n",[783,1172,1174],{"class":785,"line":1173},10,[783,1175,1176],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":966},"\n",[783,1178,1180],{"class":785,"line":1179},11,[783,1181,1182],{},"    \u002F**\n",[783,1184,1186],{"class":785,"line":1185},12,[783,1187,1188],{},"     * @param joystickValue the raw joystick input\n",[783,1190,1192],{"class":785,"line":1191},13,[783,1193,1194],{},"     * Precondition: joystickValue is between -1.0 and 1.0.\n",[783,1196,1198],{"class":785,"line":1197},14,[783,1199,1200],{},"     * Postcondition: returns joystickValue scaled to 75% power, between -0.75 and 0.75.\n",[783,1202,1204],{"class":785,"line":1203},15,[783,1205,1206],{},"     *\u002F\n",[783,1208,1210],{"class":785,"line":1209},16,[783,1211,1212],{},"    public static double scaleForRookie(double joystickValue)\n",[783,1214,1216],{"class":785,"line":1215},17,[783,1217,1155],{},[783,1219,1221],{"class":785,"line":1220},18,[783,1222,1223],{},"        return joystickValue * 0.75;  \u002F\u002F scale down for rookie practice mode\n",[783,1225,1227],{"class":785,"line":1226},19,[783,1228,1170],{},[783,1230,1232],{"class":785,"line":1231},20,[783,1233,1011],{},[809,1235,1110,1236,1239,1240,1242,1243,1245,1246,1248,1249,929,1252,1254],{},[780,1237,1238],{},"\u002F* ... *\u002F"," block above the class is a plain multi-line comment — good for a longer file-level note that isn't documenting one specific method the way ",[780,1241,932],{}," does. This program now uses all three comment styles: ",[780,1244,928],{}," for the file-level note, ",[780,1247,932],{}," for documenting ",[780,1250,1251],{},"scaleForRookie",[780,1253,924],{}," for the short inline note on its return line.",[809,1256,1257,1260,1261,1264,1265,1268,1269,1271,1272,1018],{},[780,1258,1259],{},"0.8"," satisfies the precondition, so the postcondition holds too: ",[780,1262,1263],{},"scaled"," prints ",[780,1266,1267],{},"0.6",", safely inside ",[780,1270,1050],{}," to ",[780,1273,1017],{},[768,1275,1277],{"id":1276},"step-6-call-it-with-a-value-that-breaks-the-precondition","Step 6: Call It With a Value That Breaks the Precondition",[773,1279,1281],{"className":775,"code":1280,"language":777,"meta":778,"style":778},"double broken = scaleForRookie(5.0);\nSystem.out.println(broken);\n",[780,1282,1283,1288],{"__ignoreMap":778},[783,1284,1285],{"class":785,"line":786},[783,1286,1287],{},"double broken = scaleForRookie(5.0);\n",[783,1289,1290],{"class":785,"line":792},[783,1291,1292],{},"System.out.println(broken);\n",[809,1294,1295,1298,1299,1301,1302,1264,1305,1308,1309,1271,1311,1313,1314,1316,1317,1018],{},[780,1296,1297],{},"5.0"," isn't a real joystick value — it violates the precondition. Java doesn't stop this call or throw any kind of error. ",[780,1300,1251],{}," just does the multiplication anyway: ",[780,1303,1304],{},"broken",[780,1306,1307],{},"3.75",", which breaks the postcondition it promised (",[780,1310,1050],{},[780,1312,1017],{},"). Nothing crashed; the method silently returned a wrong-by-contract answer, the same way ",[780,1315,874],{}," silently returns ",[780,1318,878],{},[768,1320,1322],{"id":1321},"why-this-matters-here","Why This Matters Here",[809,1324,1325,1327],{},[780,1326,1251],{}," never checks its input — nothing in Java forces it to. The documentation comment is the only place a teammate can learn \"don't pass anything outside -1.0 to 1.0\" without reading the method's one-line body. Skipping that comment doesn't break the method; it just means the next person has to guess, or find out the hard way.",[768,1329,1331],{"id":1330},"recap","Recap",[896,1333,1334,1342,1344],{},[899,1335,1336,925,1338,929,1340,933],{},[780,1337,924],{},[780,1339,928],{},[780,1341,932],{},[899,1343,936],{},[899,1345,1346,1347,1350],{},"Preconditions are documented expectations, not automatically enforced — violating one can produce a wrong result without an error, as ",[780,1348,1349],{},"scaleForRookie(5.0)"," shows.",[952,1352,954],{},{"title":778,"searchDepth":792,"depth":792,"links":1354},[1355,1356,1357,1358,1359,1360,1361,1362,1363],{"id":978,"depth":792,"text":979},{"id":985,"depth":792,"text":986},{"id":1021,"depth":792,"text":1022},{"id":1043,"depth":792,"text":1044},{"id":1058,"depth":792,"text":1059},{"id":1120,"depth":792,"text":1121},{"id":1276,"depth":792,"text":1277},{"id":1321,"depth":792,"text":1322},{"id":1330,"depth":792,"text":1331},{"outlineRef":964,"pairsWith":1365,"status":1366},"[`lessons\u002Fch03-apis-libraries-and-documentation\u002F3.2-documentation-with-comments-and-preconditions.md`](..\u002F..\u002Flessons\u002Fch03-apis-libraries-and-documentation\u002F3.2-documentation-with-comments-and-preconditions.md)","new — authored worked example (fully solved, walked step by step — not a problem to attempt)",{"title":467,"description":778},"NzHgP_oN8TGT506wyIclAAGg71VDbxMbzk19vHDQOj4",{"id":1370,"title":628,"body":1371,"description":778,"extension":962,"meta":1676,"navigation":966,"path":627,"seo":1678,"stem":629,"__hash__":1679},"exercises\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch03-apis-libraries-and-documentation\u002F3.2-documentation-with-comments-and-preconditions.md",{"type":761,"value":1372,"toc":1672},[1373,1376,1380,1394,1399,1417,1423,1433,1444,1448,1454,1457,1529,1534,1592,1670],[764,1374,628],{"id":1375},"documentation-with-comments-and-preconditions-exercises",[768,1377,1379],{"id":1378},"multiple-choice","Multiple Choice",[809,1381,1382,1385,1386,1389,1390,1393],{},[820,1383,1384],{},"Question:"," A method's documentation says ",[780,1387,1388],{},"Precondition: batteryVoltage is greater than 0",". A teammate calls it with ",[780,1391,1392],{},"batteryVoltage = -12.0",". What happens when the program runs?",[809,1395,1396],{},[820,1397,1398],{},"Options:",[896,1400,1401,1404,1407,1410],{},[899,1402,1403],{},"A. The method runs anyway and may return an incorrect result — Java does not check preconditions automatically.",[899,1405,1406],{},"B. The compiler refuses to compile the program because the precondition is violated.",[899,1408,1409],{},"C. The program throws a runtime exception naming the violated precondition.",[899,1411,1412,1413,1416],{},"D. Java automatically substitutes ",[780,1414,1415],{},"0"," for the negative value before running the method.",[809,1418,1419,1422],{},[820,1420,1421],{},"Answer:"," A",[809,1424,1425,1428,1429,1432],{},[820,1426,1427],{},"Why:"," A precondition is a documented expectation, not something Java enforces on its own. Nothing about calling the method with ",[780,1430,1431],{},"-12.0"," stops the program — it just runs the method's code as written, which may now produce a result that breaks the postcondition it promised.",[896,1434,1435,1438,1441],{},[899,1436,1437],{},"B is wrong — the compiler doesn't read documentation comments for meaning at all; it ignores every comment completely, precondition or not.",[899,1439,1440],{},"C is wrong — no exception is thrown unless the method's own code explicitly checks the value and throws one, which isn't described here.",[899,1442,1443],{},"D is wrong — Java never substitutes or \"fixes\" a bad argument on its own; the value passed in is used exactly as given.",[768,1445,1447],{"id":1446},"micro-parsons","Micro-Parsons",[809,1449,1450,1453],{},[820,1451,1452],{},"Problem:"," These lines, once correctly ordered, form a complete program that documents and calls a method converting a raw sensor reading (0–1023) into a percentage (0–100), then prints the result.",[809,1455,1456],{},"Reorder the fragments below into a working program:",[896,1458,1459,1465,1471,1477,1483,1489,1495,1501,1507,1512,1517,1523],{},[899,1460,1461,1462],{},"a. ",[780,1463,1464],{},"    \u002F** Precondition: rawValue is between 0 and 1023. Postcondition: returns a percentage between 0 and 100. *\u002F",[899,1466,1467,1468],{},"b. ",[780,1469,1470],{},"    {",[899,1472,1473,1474],{},"c. ",[780,1475,1476],{},"        return rawValue \u002F 1023.0 * 100;",[899,1478,1479,1480],{},"d. ",[780,1481,1482],{},"public class SensorScale",[899,1484,1485,1486],{},"e. ",[780,1487,1488],{},"        System.out.println(rawToPercent(512));",[899,1490,1491,1492],{},"f. ",[780,1493,1494],{},"    }",[899,1496,1497,1498],{},"g. ",[780,1499,1500],{},"    public static void main(String[] args)",[899,1502,1503,1504],{},"h. ",[780,1505,1506],{},"    public static double rawToPercent(int rawValue)",[899,1508,1509,1510],{},"i. ",[780,1511,1494],{},[899,1513,1514,1515],{},"j. ",[780,1516,1470],{},[899,1518,1519,1520],{},"k. ",[780,1521,1522],{},"{",[899,1524,1525,1526],{},"l. ",[780,1527,1528],{},"}",[809,1530,1531,1533],{},[820,1532,1421],{}," d, k, g, b, e, f, a, h, j, c, i, l",[773,1535,1537],{"className":775,"code":1536,"language":777,"meta":778,"style":778},"public class SensorScale\n{\n    public static void main(String[] args)\n    {\n        System.out.println(rawToPercent(512));\n    }\n    \u002F** Precondition: rawValue is between 0 and 1023. Postcondition: returns a percentage between 0 and 100. *\u002F\n    public static double rawToPercent(int rawValue)\n    {\n        return rawValue \u002F 1023.0 * 100;\n    }\n}\n",[780,1538,1539,1544,1548,1552,1556,1561,1565,1570,1575,1579,1584,1588],{"__ignoreMap":778},[783,1540,1541],{"class":785,"line":786},[783,1542,1543],{},"public class SensorScale\n",[783,1545,1546],{"class":785,"line":792},[783,1547,1001],{},[783,1549,1550],{"class":785,"line":798},[783,1551,1150],{},[783,1553,1554],{"class":785,"line":804},[783,1555,1155],{},[783,1557,1558],{"class":785,"line":855},[783,1559,1560],{},"        System.out.println(rawToPercent(512));\n",[783,1562,1563],{"class":785,"line":861},[783,1564,1170],{},[783,1566,1567],{"class":785,"line":1094},[783,1568,1569],{},"    \u002F** Precondition: rawValue is between 0 and 1023. Postcondition: returns a percentage between 0 and 100. *\u002F\n",[783,1571,1572],{"class":785,"line":1099},[783,1573,1574],{},"    public static double rawToPercent(int rawValue)\n",[783,1576,1577],{"class":785,"line":1105},[783,1578,1155],{},[783,1580,1581],{"class":785,"line":1173},[783,1582,1583],{},"        return rawValue \u002F 1023.0 * 100;\n",[783,1585,1586],{"class":785,"line":1179},[783,1587,1170],{},[783,1589,1590],{"class":785,"line":1185},[783,1591,1011],{},[809,1593,1594,1597,1598,1601,1602,1605,1606,1609,1610,1613,1614,1617,1618,1620,1621,1624,1625,1628,1629,1631,1632,1635,1636,1639,1640,1642,1643,1645,1646,1649,1650,1653,1654,1657,1658,1661,1662,1665,1666,1669],{},[820,1595,1596],{},"Why this order:"," The class declaration (",[780,1599,1600],{},"d",") has to come first, with its opening brace (",[780,1603,1604],{},"k",") right after. ",[780,1607,1608],{},"main"," (",[780,1611,1612],{},"g",") is the entry point, declared next, followed by its own opening brace (",[780,1615,1616],{},"b","). Inside ",[780,1619,1608],{},", the only statement (",[780,1622,1623],{},"e",") calls ",[780,1626,1627],{},"rawToPercent"," and prints whatever it returns, then ",[780,1630,1608],{},"'s body closes (",[780,1633,1634],{},"f","). The documentation comment (",[780,1637,1638],{},"a",") has to sit directly above the method it describes — not above ",[780,1641,1608],{}," — because that's what ties a ",[780,1644,932],{}," comment to the code it documents. The method's signature (",[780,1647,1648],{},"h",") and its opening brace (",[780,1651,1652],{},"j",") follow the comment, its ",[780,1655,1656],{},"return"," statement (",[780,1659,1660],{},"c",") is the only line in its body, then the method's body closes (",[780,1663,1664],{},"i",") before the class's body closes last (",[780,1667,1668],{},"l",").",[952,1671,954],{},{"title":778,"searchDepth":792,"depth":792,"links":1673},[1674,1675],{"id":1378,"depth":792,"text":1379},{"id":1446,"depth":792,"text":1447},{"outlineRef":964,"pairsWith":1365,"status":1677},"new — authored exercises (Multiple Choice + Micro-Parsons)",{"title":628,"description":778},"Fe8iRPeo98Z6XYPrP4ZMqVfY2tGK6yotkX4GcGgogrY",1790274943941]