[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":1867},["ShallowReactive",2],{"item-lessons-light-ch06-strings":3,"item-examples-light-ch06-strings":436,"item-exercises-light-ch06-strings":597,"item-lesson-full-ch06-strings-6.1":758,"item-example-full-ch06-strings-6.1":1175,"item-exercise-full-ch06-strings-6.1":1548},[4,8,12,16,20,24,28,32,36,40,44,48,52,56,60,64,68,72,76,80,84,88,92,96,100,104,108,112,116,120,124,128,132,136,140,144,148,152,156,160,164,168,172,176,180,184,188,192,196,200,204,208,212,216,220,224,228,232,236,240,244,248,252,256,260,264,268,272,276,280,284,288,292,296,300,304,308,312,316,320,324,328,332,336,340,344,348,352,356,360,364,368,372,376,380,384,388,392,396,400,404,408,412,416,420,424,428,432],{"path":5,"title":6,"stem":7},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch01-why-java-for-frc\u002F1-why-java-for-frc","Why Java for FRC?","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch01-why-java-for-frc\u002F1.1-why-java-for-frc",{"path":9,"title":10,"stem":11},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch01-why-java-for-frc\u002F2-intro-to-algorithms-programming-and-compilers","Intro to Algorithms, Programming & Compilers","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch01-why-java-for-frc\u002F1.2-intro-to-algorithms-programming-and-compilers",{"path":13,"title":14,"stem":15},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch02-variables-and-types\u002F1-variables-and-data-types","Variables & Data Types","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch02-variables-and-types\u002F2.1-variables-and-data-types",{"path":17,"title":18,"stem":19},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch02-variables-and-types\u002F2-expressions-and-output","Expressions & Output","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch02-variables-and-types\u002F2.2-expressions-and-output",{"path":21,"title":22,"stem":23},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch02-variables-and-types\u002F3-assignment-and-input","Assignment & Input","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch02-variables-and-types\u002F2.3-assignment-and-input",{"path":25,"title":26,"stem":27},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch02-variables-and-types\u002F4-casting-and-ranges-of-values","Casting & Ranges of Values","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch02-variables-and-types\u002F2.4-casting-and-ranges-of-values",{"path":29,"title":30,"stem":31},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch02-variables-and-types\u002F5-compound-assignment-operators","Compound Assignment Operators","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch02-variables-and-types\u002F2.5-compound-assignment-operators",{"path":33,"title":34,"stem":35},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch03-apis-libraries-and-documentation\u002F1-apis-and-libraries","APIs and Libraries","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch03-apis-libraries-and-documentation\u002F3.1-apis-and-libraries",{"path":37,"title":38,"stem":39},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch03-apis-libraries-and-documentation\u002F2-documentation-with-comments-and-preconditions","Documentation with Comments and Preconditions","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch03-apis-libraries-and-documentation\u002F3.2-documentation-with-comments-and-preconditions",{"path":41,"title":42,"stem":43},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch03-apis-libraries-and-documentation\u002F3-packages-and-imports","Packages & Imports","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch03-apis-libraries-and-documentation\u002F3.3-packages-and-imports",{"path":45,"title":46,"stem":47},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F1-methods-signatures-and-parameters","Methods, Signatures & Parameters","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F4.1-methods-signatures-and-parameters",{"path":49,"title":50,"stem":51},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F2-calling-class-methods","Calling Class Methods","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F4.2-calling-class-methods",{"path":53,"title":54,"stem":55},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F3-using-the-math-class","Using the Math Class","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F4.3-using-the-math-class",{"path":57,"title":58,"stem":59},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F4-objects-instances-of-classes","Objects — Instances of Classes","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F4.4-objects-instances-of-classes",{"path":61,"title":62,"stem":63},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F5-creating-and-initializing-objects-constructors","Creating & Initializing Objects: Constructors","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F4.5-creating-and-initializing-objects-constructors",{"path":65,"title":66,"stem":67},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F6-calling-instance-methods","Calling Instance Methods","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F4.6-calling-instance-methods",{"path":69,"title":70,"stem":71},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F1-5.2-if-statements-and-for-loops","Control Structures: if Statements & For Loops","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5.1-5.2-if-statements-and-for-loops",{"path":73,"title":74,"stem":75},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F10-nested-iteration","Nested Iteration","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5.10-nested-iteration",{"path":77,"title":78,"stem":79},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F11-informal-runtime-analysis-of-loops","Informal Runtime Analysis of Loops","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5.11-informal-runtime-analysis-of-loops",{"path":81,"title":82,"stem":83},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F3-algorithms-with-selection-and-repetition","Algorithms with Selection and Repetition","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5.3-algorithms-with-selection-and-repetition",{"path":85,"title":86,"stem":87},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F4-boolean-expressions","Boolean Expressions","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5.4-boolean-expressions",{"path":89,"title":90,"stem":91},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5-nested-if-statements","Nested if Statements","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5.5-nested-if-statements",{"path":93,"title":94,"stem":95},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F6-compound-boolean-expressions","Compound Boolean Expressions","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5.6-compound-boolean-expressions",{"path":97,"title":98,"stem":99},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F7-comparing-boolean-expressions-de-morgans-laws","Comparing Boolean Expressions (De Morgan's Laws)","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5.7-comparing-boolean-expressions-de-morgans-laws",{"path":101,"title":102,"stem":103},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F8-while-loops","While Loops","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5.8-while-loops",{"path":105,"title":106,"stem":107},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F9-implementing-selection-and-iteration-algorithms","Implementing Selection and Iteration Algorithms","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5.9-implementing-selection-and-iteration-algorithms",{"path":109,"title":110,"stem":111},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch06-strings\u002F1-strings","Strings","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch06-strings\u002F6.1-strings",{"path":113,"title":114,"stem":115},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch06-strings\u002F2-string-algorithms","String Algorithms","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch06-strings\u002F6.2-string-algorithms",{"path":117,"title":118,"stem":119},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch07-the-class-blueprint\u002F1-anatomy-of-a-java-class","The Class Blueprint","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch07-the-class-blueprint\u002F7.1-anatomy-of-a-java-class",{"path":121,"title":122,"stem":123},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch07-the-class-blueprint\u002F2-methods-how-to-write-them","Methods: How to Write Them","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch07-the-class-blueprint\u002F7.2-methods-how-to-write-them",{"path":125,"title":126,"stem":127},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch07-the-class-blueprint\u002F3-methods-passing-and-returning-references-of-an-object","Methods: Passing & Returning References of an Object","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch07-the-class-blueprint\u002F7.3-methods-passing-and-returning-references-of-an-object",{"path":129,"title":130,"stem":131},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch07-the-class-blueprint\u002F4-class-static-variables-and-methods","Class (static) Variables & Methods","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch07-the-class-blueprint\u002F7.4-class-static-variables-and-methods",{"path":133,"title":134,"stem":135},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch08-constructors-and-this\u002F1-8.2-constructors-and-this","Constructors & \"this\"","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch08-constructors-and-this\u002F8.1-8.2-constructors-and-this",{"path":137,"title":138,"stem":139},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F1-array-creation-and-access","Array Creation and Access","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F9.1-array-creation-and-access",{"path":141,"title":142,"stem":143},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F2-arraylist-and-its-methods","ArrayList and its Methods","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F9.2-arraylist-and-its-methods",{"path":145,"title":146,"stem":147},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F3-optional-hashmap-dictionary-data-structure","Optional: HashMap (Dictionary) Data Structure","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F9.3-optional-hashmap-dictionary-data-structure",{"path":149,"title":150,"stem":151},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F4-array-traversals","Array Traversals","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F9.4-array-traversals",{"path":153,"title":154,"stem":155},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F5-implementing-array-algorithms","Implementing Array Algorithms","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F9.5-implementing-array-algorithms",{"path":157,"title":158,"stem":159},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F6-arraylist-traversals","ArrayList Traversals","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F9.6-arraylist-traversals",{"path":161,"title":162,"stem":163},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F7-implementing-arraylist-algorithms","Implementing ArrayList Algorithms","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F9.7-implementing-arraylist-algorithms",{"path":165,"title":166,"stem":167},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F8-using-text-files","Using Text Files","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F9.8-using-text-files",{"path":169,"title":170,"stem":171},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch10-2d-arrays\u002F1-2d-array-creation-and-access","2D Array Creation and Access","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch10-2d-arrays\u002F10.1-2d-array-creation-and-access",{"path":173,"title":174,"stem":175},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch10-2d-arrays\u002F2-2d-array-traversals-nested-loops","2D Array Traversals: Nested Loops","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch10-2d-arrays\u002F10.2-2d-array-traversals-nested-loops",{"path":177,"title":178,"stem":179},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch10-2d-arrays\u002F3-implementing-2d-array-algorithms","Implementing 2D Array Algorithms","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch10-2d-arrays\u002F10.3-implementing-2d-array-algorithms",{"path":181,"title":182,"stem":183},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch11-enums-named-choices\u002F11-enums-named-choices","Enums: Named Choices","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch11-enums-named-choices\u002F11-enums-named-choices",{"path":185,"title":186,"stem":187},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch12-exceptions-and-try-catch\u002F12-exceptions-and-try-catch","Exceptions & try\u002Fcatch","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch12-exceptions-and-try-catch\u002F12-exceptions-and-try-catch",{"path":189,"title":190,"stem":191},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch13-common-gotchas\u002F13-common-gotchas","Common Gotchas","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch13-common-gotchas\u002F13-common-gotchas",{"path":193,"title":194,"stem":195},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch14-why-design-patterns\u002F14-why-design-patterns","Why Design Patterns?","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch14-why-design-patterns\u002F14-why-design-patterns",{"path":197,"title":198,"stem":199},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch15-advanced-collections\u002F15-advanced-collections","Advanced Collections (Set\u002FQueue\u002FMap)","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch15-advanced-collections\u002F15-advanced-collections",{"path":201,"title":202,"stem":203},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch16-writing-your-own-generics\u002F16-writing-your-own-generics","Writing Your Own Generics","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch16-writing-your-own-generics\u002F16-writing-your-own-generics",{"path":205,"title":206,"stem":207},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch17-inheritance-and-abstractions\u002F1-inheritance-superclass-subclass","Inheritance, Superclass, Subclass","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch17-inheritance-and-abstractions\u002F17.1-inheritance-superclass-subclass",{"path":209,"title":210,"stem":211},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch17-inheritance-and-abstractions\u002F2-inheritance-and-constructors","Inheritance and Constructors","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch17-inheritance-and-abstractions\u002F17.2-inheritance-and-constructors",{"path":213,"title":214,"stem":215},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch17-inheritance-and-abstractions\u002F3-inheritance-hierarchies","Inheritance Hierarchies","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch17-inheritance-and-abstractions\u002F17.3-inheritance-hierarchies",{"path":217,"title":218,"stem":219},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch17-inheritance-and-abstractions\u002F4-object-superclass","Object Superclass","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch17-inheritance-and-abstractions\u002F17.4-object-superclass",{"path":221,"title":222,"stem":223},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch18-polymorphism-many-forms\u002F1-overriding-methods","Overriding Methods","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch18-polymorphism-many-forms\u002F18.1-overriding-methods",{"path":225,"title":226,"stem":227},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch18-polymorphism-many-forms\u002F2-super-keyword","super Keyword","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch18-polymorphism-many-forms\u002F18.2-super-keyword",{"path":229,"title":230,"stem":231},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch18-polymorphism-many-forms\u002F3-polymorphism","Polymorphism","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch18-polymorphism-many-forms\u002F18.3-polymorphism",{"path":233,"title":234,"stem":235},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch19-interfaces-as-contracts\u002F19-interfaces-as-contracts","Interfaces as Contracts","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch19-interfaces-as-contracts\u002F19-interfaces-as-contracts",{"path":237,"title":238,"stem":239},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch19-interfaces-as-contracts\u002F1-lambdas-and-method-references","Lambdas & Method References","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch19-interfaces-as-contracts\u002F19.1-lambdas-and-method-references",{"path":241,"title":242,"stem":243},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch20-the-io-layer-pattern\u002F20-the-io-layer-pattern","The IO-Layer Pattern","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch20-the-io-layer-pattern\u002F20-the-io-layer-pattern",{"path":245,"title":246,"stem":247},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch21-static-factories\u002F21-static-factories","Static Factories","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch21-static-factories\u002F21-static-factories",{"path":249,"title":250,"stem":251},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch22-the-builder-pattern\u002F22-the-builder-pattern","The Builder Pattern","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch22-the-builder-pattern\u002F22-the-builder-pattern",{"path":253,"title":254,"stem":255},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch23-encapsulation-and-final\u002F1-scope-and-access","Scope and Access","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch23-encapsulation-and-final\u002F23.1-scope-and-access",{"path":257,"title":258,"stem":259},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch24-optional-avoiding-null-pointer-exceptions\u002F24-optional-avoiding-null-pointer-exceptions","Optional: Avoiding Null Pointer Exceptions","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch24-optional-avoiding-null-pointer-exceptions\u002F24-optional-avoiding-null-pointer-exceptions",{"path":261,"title":262,"stem":263},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch25-command-based-programming\u002F1-what-is-command-based-programming","What Is Command-Based Programming?","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch25-command-based-programming\u002F25.1-what-is-command-based-programming",{"path":265,"title":266,"stem":267},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch25-command-based-programming\u002F2-commands-and-command-compositions","Commands & Command Compositions","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch25-command-based-programming\u002F25.2-commands-and-command-compositions",{"path":269,"title":270,"stem":271},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch25-command-based-programming\u002F3-the-command-scheduler","The Command Scheduler","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch25-command-based-programming\u002F25.3-the-command-scheduler",{"path":273,"title":274,"stem":275},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch25-command-based-programming\u002F4-state-machines-logic","State Machines: Logic","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch25-command-based-programming\u002F25.4-state-machines-logic",{"path":277,"title":278,"stem":279},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch25-command-based-programming\u002F5-managing-transitions","Managing Transitions","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch25-command-based-programming\u002F25.5-managing-transitions",{"path":281,"title":282,"stem":283},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch25-command-based-programming\u002F6-binding-commands-to-triggers","Binding Commands to Triggers","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch25-command-based-programming\u002F25.6-binding-commands-to-triggers",{"path":285,"title":286,"stem":287},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch25-command-based-programming\u002F7-structuring-a-command-based-robot-project","Structuring a Command-Based Robot Project","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch25-command-based-programming\u002F25.7-structuring-a-command-based-robot-project",{"path":289,"title":290,"stem":291},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch26-architecture-takeaways\u002F26-architecture-takeaways","Architecture Takeaways","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch26-architecture-takeaways\u002F26-architecture-takeaways",{"path":293,"title":294,"stem":295},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch27-program-design-and-abstraction\u002F1-abstraction-and-program-design","Abstraction and Program Design","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch27-program-design-and-abstraction\u002F27.1-abstraction-and-program-design",{"path":297,"title":298,"stem":299},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch27-program-design-and-abstraction\u002F2-impact-of-program-design","Impact of Program Design","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch27-program-design-and-abstraction\u002F27.2-impact-of-program-design",{"path":301,"title":302,"stem":303},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch28-algorithms-searching-sorting-recursion\u002F1-searching-algorithms","Searching Algorithms","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch28-algorithms-searching-sorting-recursion\u002F28.1-searching-algorithms",{"path":305,"title":306,"stem":307},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch28-algorithms-searching-sorting-recursion\u002F2-sorting-algorithms","Sorting Algorithms","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch28-algorithms-searching-sorting-recursion\u002F28.2-sorting-algorithms",{"path":309,"title":310,"stem":311},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch28-algorithms-searching-sorting-recursion\u002F3-recursion","Recursion","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch28-algorithms-searching-sorting-recursion\u002F28.3-recursion",{"path":313,"title":314,"stem":315},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch28-algorithms-searching-sorting-recursion\u002F4-recursive-searching-and-sorting","Recursive Searching and Sorting","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch28-algorithms-searching-sorting-recursion\u002F28.4-recursive-searching-and-sorting",{"path":317,"title":318,"stem":319},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch29-git-and-github-basics\u002F1-coming-soon","Git & GitHub Basics — Coming Soon","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch29-git-and-github-basics\u002F29.1-coming-soon",{"path":321,"title":322,"stem":323},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch30-git-history-and-merging\u002F1-coming-soon","Git — History & Merging — Coming Soon","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch30-git-history-and-merging\u002F30.1-coming-soon",{"path":325,"title":326,"stem":327},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch31-dev-environment-and-tooling\u002F1-coming-soon","Dev Environment & Tooling — Coming Soon","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch31-dev-environment-and-tooling\u002F31.1-coming-soon",{"path":329,"title":330,"stem":331},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch32-unit-testing\u002F1-coming-soon","Unit Testing — Coming Soon","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch32-unit-testing\u002F32.1-coming-soon",{"path":333,"title":334,"stem":335},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch33-advantagekit-autologging\u002F1-coming-soon","AdvantageKit — AutoLogging — Coming Soon","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch33-advantagekit-autologging\u002F33.1-coming-soon",{"path":337,"title":338,"stem":339},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch34-log-replay\u002F1-coming-soon","Log Replay — Coming Soon","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch34-log-replay\u002F34.1-coming-soon",{"path":341,"title":342,"stem":343},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch35-advantagescope-i-visualization\u002F1-coming-soon","AdvantageScope I: Visualization — Coming Soon","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch35-advantagescope-i-visualization\u002F35.1-coming-soon",{"path":345,"title":346,"stem":347},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch36-advantagescope-ii-custom-3d-assets\u002F1-coming-soon","AdvantageScope II: Custom 3D Assets — Coming Soon","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch36-advantagescope-ii-custom-3d-assets\u002F36.1-coming-soon",{"path":349,"title":350,"stem":351},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch37-autonomous-i\u002F1-coming-soon","Autonomous I — Coming Soon","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch37-autonomous-i\u002F37.1-coming-soon",{"path":353,"title":354,"stem":355},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch38-autonomous-ii-pathplanner-and-trajectories\u002F1-coming-soon","Autonomous II: PathPlanner & Trajectories — Coming Soon","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch38-autonomous-ii-pathplanner-and-trajectories\u002F38.1-coming-soon",{"path":357,"title":358,"stem":359},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch39-control-fundamentals\u002F1-coming-soon","Control Fundamentals — Coming Soon","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch39-control-fundamentals\u002F39.1-coming-soon",{"path":361,"title":362,"stem":363},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch40-motion-profiles\u002F1-coming-soon","Motion Profiles — Coming Soon","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch40-motion-profiles\u002F40.1-coming-soon",{"path":365,"title":366,"stem":367},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch41-hardware-fundamentals\u002F1-coming-soon","Hardware Fundamentals — Coming Soon","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch41-hardware-fundamentals\u002F41.1-coming-soon",{"path":369,"title":370,"stem":371},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch42-photonvision\u002F1-coming-soon","PhotonVision — Coming Soon","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch42-photonvision\u002F42.1-coming-soon",{"path":373,"title":374,"stem":375},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch43-apriltags-and-pose\u002F1-coming-soon","AprilTags & Pose — Coming Soon","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch43-apriltags-and-pose\u002F43.1-coming-soon",{"path":377,"title":378,"stem":379},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch44-subsystems-i\u002F1-coming-soon","Subsystems I — Coming Soon","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch44-subsystems-i\u002F44.1-coming-soon",{"path":381,"title":382,"stem":383},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch45-subsystems-ii-advanced\u002F1-coming-soon","Subsystems II — Advanced — Coming Soon","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch45-subsystems-ii-advanced\u002F45.1-coming-soon",{"path":385,"title":386,"stem":387},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch46-team-utilities-i\u002F1-coming-soon","Team Utilities I — Coming Soon","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch46-team-utilities-i\u002F46.1-coming-soon",{"path":389,"title":390,"stem":391},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch47-field-constants\u002F1-coming-soon","Field Constants — Coming Soon","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch47-field-constants\u002F47.1-coming-soon",{"path":393,"title":394,"stem":395},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch48-troubleshooting-i-runtime-debug\u002F1-coming-soon","Troubleshooting I — Runtime Debug — Coming Soon","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch48-troubleshooting-i-runtime-debug\u002F48.1-coming-soon",{"path":397,"title":398,"stem":399},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch49-troubleshooting-ii-can-and-sim\u002F1-coming-soon","Troubleshooting II: CAN & Sim — Coming Soon","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch49-troubleshooting-ii-can-and-sim\u002F49.1-coming-soon",{"path":401,"title":402,"stem":403},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch50-vendor-libraries-talonfx\u002F1-coming-soon","Vendor Libraries: TalonFX — Coming Soon","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch50-vendor-libraries-talonfx\u002F50.1-coming-soon",{"path":405,"title":406,"stem":407},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch51-robot-alerts\u002F1-coming-soon","Robot Alerts — Coming Soon","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch51-robot-alerts\u002F51.1-coming-soon",{"path":409,"title":410,"stem":411},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch52-wpilib-commands\u002F1-coming-soon","WPILib Commands — Coming Soon","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch52-wpilib-commands\u002F52.1-coming-soon",{"path":413,"title":414,"stem":415},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch53-wpilib-geometry\u002F1-coming-soon","WPILib Geometry — Coming Soon","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch53-wpilib-geometry\u002F53.1-coming-soon",{"path":417,"title":418,"stem":419},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch54-networktables\u002F1-coming-soon","NetworkTables — Coming Soon","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch54-networktables\u002F54.1-coming-soon",{"path":421,"title":422,"stem":423},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch55-command-scheduler\u002F1-coming-soon","Command Scheduler — Coming Soon","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch55-command-scheduler\u002F55.1-coming-soon",{"path":425,"title":426,"stem":427},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch56-wpilib-timers\u002F1-coming-soon","WPILib Timers — Coming Soon","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch56-wpilib-timers\u002F56.1-coming-soon",{"path":429,"title":430,"stem":431},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch57-wpilib-triggers\u002F1-coming-soon","WPILib Triggers — Coming Soon","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch57-wpilib-triggers\u002F57.1-coming-soon",{"path":433,"title":434,"stem":435},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch58-vendor-units-and-conversions\u002F1-coming-soon","Vendor Units & Conversions — Coming Soon","shockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch58-vendor-units-and-conversions\u002F58.1-coming-soon",[437,441,445,449,453,457,461,465,469,473,477,481,485,489,493,497,501,505,509,513,517,521,525,529,533,537,541,545,549,553,557,561,565,569,573,577,581,585,589,593],{"path":438,"title":439,"stem":440},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch01-why-java-for-frc\u002F2-intro-to-algorithms-programming-and-compilers","Intro to Algorithms, Programming & Compilers — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch01-why-java-for-frc\u002F1.2-intro-to-algorithms-programming-and-compilers",{"path":442,"title":443,"stem":444},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch02-variables-and-types\u002F1-variables-and-data-types","Variables & Data Types — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch02-variables-and-types\u002F2.1-variables-and-data-types",{"path":446,"title":447,"stem":448},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch02-variables-and-types\u002F2-expressions-and-output","Expressions & Output — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch02-variables-and-types\u002F2.2-expressions-and-output",{"path":450,"title":451,"stem":452},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch02-variables-and-types\u002F3-assignment-and-input","Assignment & Input — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch02-variables-and-types\u002F2.3-assignment-and-input",{"path":454,"title":455,"stem":456},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch02-variables-and-types\u002F4-casting-and-ranges-of-values","Casting & Ranges of Values — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch02-variables-and-types\u002F2.4-casting-and-ranges-of-values",{"path":458,"title":459,"stem":460},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch02-variables-and-types\u002F5-compound-assignment-operators","Compound Assignment Operators — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch02-variables-and-types\u002F2.5-compound-assignment-operators",{"path":462,"title":463,"stem":464},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch03-apis-libraries-and-documentation\u002F1-apis-and-libraries","APIs and Libraries — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch03-apis-libraries-and-documentation\u002F3.1-apis-and-libraries",{"path":466,"title":467,"stem":468},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch03-apis-libraries-and-documentation\u002F2-documentation-with-comments-and-preconditions","Documentation with Comments and Preconditions — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch03-apis-libraries-and-documentation\u002F3.2-documentation-with-comments-and-preconditions",{"path":470,"title":471,"stem":472},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch03-apis-libraries-and-documentation\u002F3-packages-and-imports","Packages & Imports — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch03-apis-libraries-and-documentation\u002F3.3-packages-and-imports",{"path":474,"title":475,"stem":476},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F1-methods-signatures-and-parameters","Methods, Signatures & Parameters — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F4.1-methods-signatures-and-parameters",{"path":478,"title":479,"stem":480},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F2-calling-class-methods","Calling Class Methods — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F4.2-calling-class-methods",{"path":482,"title":483,"stem":484},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F3-using-the-math-class","Using the Math Class — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F4.3-using-the-math-class",{"path":486,"title":487,"stem":488},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F4-objects-instances-of-classes","Objects — Instances of Classes — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F4.4-objects-instances-of-classes",{"path":490,"title":491,"stem":492},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F5-creating-and-initializing-objects-constructors","Creating & Initializing Objects: Constructors — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F4.5-creating-and-initializing-objects-constructors",{"path":494,"title":495,"stem":496},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F6-calling-instance-methods","Calling Instance Methods — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F4.6-calling-instance-methods",{"path":498,"title":499,"stem":500},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F1-5.2-if-statements-and-for-loops","if Statements & For Loops — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5.1-5.2-if-statements-and-for-loops",{"path":502,"title":503,"stem":504},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F10-nested-iteration","Nested Iteration — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5.10-nested-iteration",{"path":506,"title":507,"stem":508},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F11-informal-runtime-analysis-of-loops","Informal Runtime Analysis of Loops — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5.11-informal-runtime-analysis-of-loops",{"path":510,"title":511,"stem":512},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F3-algorithms-with-selection-and-repetition","Algorithms with Selection and Repetition — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5.3-algorithms-with-selection-and-repetition",{"path":514,"title":515,"stem":516},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F4-boolean-expressions","Boolean Expressions — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5.4-boolean-expressions",{"path":518,"title":519,"stem":520},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5-nested-if-statements","Nested if Statements — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5.5-nested-if-statements",{"path":522,"title":523,"stem":524},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F6-compound-boolean-expressions","Compound Boolean Expressions — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5.6-compound-boolean-expressions",{"path":526,"title":527,"stem":528},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F7-comparing-boolean-expressions-de-morgans-laws","Comparing Boolean Expressions (De Morgan's Laws) — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5.7-comparing-boolean-expressions-de-morgans-laws",{"path":530,"title":531,"stem":532},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F8-while-loops","While Loops — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5.8-while-loops",{"path":534,"title":535,"stem":536},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F9-implementing-selection-and-iteration-algorithms","Implementing Selection and Iteration Algorithms — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5.9-implementing-selection-and-iteration-algorithms",{"path":538,"title":539,"stem":540},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch06-strings\u002F1-strings","Strings — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch06-strings\u002F6.1-strings",{"path":542,"title":543,"stem":544},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch06-strings\u002F2-string-algorithms","String Algorithms — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch06-strings\u002F6.2-string-algorithms",{"path":546,"title":547,"stem":548},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch07-the-class-blueprint\u002F1-anatomy-of-a-java-class","Anatomy of a Java Class — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch07-the-class-blueprint\u002F7.1-anatomy-of-a-java-class",{"path":550,"title":551,"stem":552},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch07-the-class-blueprint\u002F2-methods-how-to-write-them","Methods: How to Write Them — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch07-the-class-blueprint\u002F7.2-methods-how-to-write-them",{"path":554,"title":555,"stem":556},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch07-the-class-blueprint\u002F3-methods-passing-and-returning-references-of-an-object","Methods: Passing & Returning References of an Object — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch07-the-class-blueprint\u002F7.3-methods-passing-and-returning-references-of-an-object",{"path":558,"title":559,"stem":560},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch07-the-class-blueprint\u002F4-class-static-variables-and-methods","Class (static) Variables & Methods — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch07-the-class-blueprint\u002F7.4-class-static-variables-and-methods",{"path":562,"title":563,"stem":564},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch08-constructors-and-this\u002F1-8.2-constructors-and-this","Constructors & \"this\" — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch08-constructors-and-this\u002F8.1-8.2-constructors-and-this",{"path":566,"title":567,"stem":568},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F1-array-creation-and-access","Array Creation and Access — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F9.1-array-creation-and-access",{"path":570,"title":571,"stem":572},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F2-arraylist-and-its-methods","ArrayList and its Methods — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F9.2-arraylist-and-its-methods",{"path":574,"title":575,"stem":576},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F3-optional-hashmap-dictionary-data-structure","Optional: HashMap (Dictionary) Data Structure — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F9.3-optional-hashmap-dictionary-data-structure",{"path":578,"title":579,"stem":580},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F4-array-traversals","Array Traversals — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F9.4-array-traversals",{"path":582,"title":583,"stem":584},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F5-implementing-array-algorithms","Implementing Array Algorithms — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F9.5-implementing-array-algorithms",{"path":586,"title":587,"stem":588},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F6-arraylist-traversals","ArrayList Traversals — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F9.6-arraylist-traversals",{"path":590,"title":591,"stem":592},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F7-implementing-arraylist-algorithms","Implementing ArrayList Algorithms — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F9.7-implementing-arraylist-algorithms",{"path":594,"title":595,"stem":596},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F8-using-text-files","Using Text Files — Worked Example","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F9.8-using-text-files",[598,602,606,610,614,618,622,626,630,634,638,642,646,650,654,658,662,666,670,674,678,682,686,690,694,698,702,706,710,714,718,722,726,730,734,738,742,746,750,754],{"path":599,"title":600,"stem":601},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch01-why-java-for-frc\u002F2-intro-to-algorithms-programming-and-compilers","Intro to Algorithms, Programming & Compilers — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch01-why-java-for-frc\u002F1.2-intro-to-algorithms-programming-and-compilers",{"path":603,"title":604,"stem":605},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch02-variables-and-types\u002F1-variables-and-data-types","Variables & Data Types — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch02-variables-and-types\u002F2.1-variables-and-data-types",{"path":607,"title":608,"stem":609},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch02-variables-and-types\u002F2-expressions-and-output","Expressions & Output — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch02-variables-and-types\u002F2.2-expressions-and-output",{"path":611,"title":612,"stem":613},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch02-variables-and-types\u002F3-assignment-and-input","Assignment & Input — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch02-variables-and-types\u002F2.3-assignment-and-input",{"path":615,"title":616,"stem":617},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch02-variables-and-types\u002F4-casting-and-ranges-of-values","Casting & Ranges of Values — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch02-variables-and-types\u002F2.4-casting-and-ranges-of-values",{"path":619,"title":620,"stem":621},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch02-variables-and-types\u002F5-compound-assignment-operators","Compound Assignment Operators — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch02-variables-and-types\u002F2.5-compound-assignment-operators",{"path":623,"title":624,"stem":625},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch03-apis-libraries-and-documentation\u002F1-apis-and-libraries","APIs and Libraries — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch03-apis-libraries-and-documentation\u002F3.1-apis-and-libraries",{"path":627,"title":628,"stem":629},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch03-apis-libraries-and-documentation\u002F2-documentation-with-comments-and-preconditions","Documentation with Comments and Preconditions — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch03-apis-libraries-and-documentation\u002F3.2-documentation-with-comments-and-preconditions",{"path":631,"title":632,"stem":633},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch03-apis-libraries-and-documentation\u002F3-packages-and-imports","Packages & Imports — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch03-apis-libraries-and-documentation\u002F3.3-packages-and-imports",{"path":635,"title":636,"stem":637},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F1-methods-signatures-and-parameters","Methods, Signatures & Parameters — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F4.1-methods-signatures-and-parameters",{"path":639,"title":640,"stem":641},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F2-calling-class-methods","Calling Class Methods — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F4.2-calling-class-methods",{"path":643,"title":644,"stem":645},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F3-using-the-math-class","Using the Math Class — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F4.3-using-the-math-class",{"path":647,"title":648,"stem":649},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F4-objects-instances-of-classes","Objects — Instances of Classes — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F4.4-objects-instances-of-classes",{"path":651,"title":652,"stem":653},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F5-creating-and-initializing-objects-constructors","Creating & Initializing Objects: Constructors — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F4.5-creating-and-initializing-objects-constructors",{"path":655,"title":656,"stem":657},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F6-calling-instance-methods","Calling Instance Methods — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch04-using-objects-and-calling-methods\u002F4.6-calling-instance-methods",{"path":659,"title":660,"stem":661},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F1-5.2-if-statements-and-for-loops","if Statements & For Loops — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5.1-5.2-if-statements-and-for-loops",{"path":663,"title":664,"stem":665},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F10-nested-iteration","Nested Iteration — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5.10-nested-iteration",{"path":667,"title":668,"stem":669},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F11-informal-runtime-analysis-of-loops","Informal Runtime Analysis of Loops — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5.11-informal-runtime-analysis-of-loops",{"path":671,"title":672,"stem":673},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F3-algorithms-with-selection-and-repetition","Algorithms with Selection and Repetition — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5.3-algorithms-with-selection-and-repetition",{"path":675,"title":676,"stem":677},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F4-boolean-expressions","Boolean Expressions — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5.4-boolean-expressions",{"path":679,"title":680,"stem":681},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5-nested-if-statements","Nested if Statements — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5.5-nested-if-statements",{"path":683,"title":684,"stem":685},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F6-compound-boolean-expressions","Compound Boolean Expressions — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5.6-compound-boolean-expressions",{"path":687,"title":688,"stem":689},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F7-comparing-boolean-expressions-de-morgans-laws","Comparing Boolean Expressions (De Morgan's Laws) — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5.7-comparing-boolean-expressions-de-morgans-laws",{"path":691,"title":692,"stem":693},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F8-while-loops","While Loops — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5.8-while-loops",{"path":695,"title":696,"stem":697},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F9-implementing-selection-and-iteration-algorithms","Implementing Selection and Iteration Algorithms — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch05-control-structures\u002F5.9-implementing-selection-and-iteration-algorithms",{"path":699,"title":700,"stem":701},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch06-strings\u002F1-strings","Strings — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch06-strings\u002F6.1-strings",{"path":703,"title":704,"stem":705},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch06-strings\u002F2-string-algorithms","String Algorithms — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch06-strings\u002F6.2-string-algorithms",{"path":707,"title":708,"stem":709},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch07-the-class-blueprint\u002F1-anatomy-of-a-java-class","Anatomy of a Java Class — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch07-the-class-blueprint\u002F7.1-anatomy-of-a-java-class",{"path":711,"title":712,"stem":713},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch07-the-class-blueprint\u002F2-methods-how-to-write-them","Methods: How to Write Them — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch07-the-class-blueprint\u002F7.2-methods-how-to-write-them",{"path":715,"title":716,"stem":717},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch07-the-class-blueprint\u002F3-methods-passing-and-returning-references-of-an-object","Methods: Passing & Returning References of an Object — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch07-the-class-blueprint\u002F7.3-methods-passing-and-returning-references-of-an-object",{"path":719,"title":720,"stem":721},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch07-the-class-blueprint\u002F4-class-static-variables-and-methods","Class (static) Variables & Methods — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch07-the-class-blueprint\u002F7.4-class-static-variables-and-methods",{"path":723,"title":724,"stem":725},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch08-constructors-and-this\u002F1-8.2-constructors-and-this","Constructors & \"this\" — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch08-constructors-and-this\u002F8.1-8.2-constructors-and-this",{"path":727,"title":728,"stem":729},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F1-array-creation-and-access","Array Creation and Access — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F9.1-array-creation-and-access",{"path":731,"title":732,"stem":733},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F2-arraylist-and-its-methods","ArrayList and its Methods — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F9.2-arraylist-and-its-methods",{"path":735,"title":736,"stem":737},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F3-optional-hashmap-dictionary-data-structure","Optional: HashMap (Dictionary) Data Structure — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F9.3-optional-hashmap-dictionary-data-structure",{"path":739,"title":740,"stem":741},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F4-array-traversals","Array Traversals — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F9.4-array-traversals",{"path":743,"title":744,"stem":745},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F5-implementing-array-algorithms","Implementing Array Algorithms — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F9.5-implementing-array-algorithms",{"path":747,"title":748,"stem":749},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F6-arraylist-traversals","ArrayList Traversals — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F9.6-arraylist-traversals",{"path":751,"title":752,"stem":753},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F7-implementing-arraylist-algorithms","Implementing ArrayList Algorithms — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F9.7-implementing-arraylist-algorithms",{"path":755,"title":756,"stem":757},"\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F8-using-text-files","Using Text Files — Exercises","shockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch09-storing-data\u002F9.8-using-text-files",{"id":759,"title":110,"body":760,"description":799,"extension":1168,"meta":1169,"navigation":1172,"path":109,"seo":1173,"stem":111,"__hash__":1174},"lessons\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Flessons\u002Fch06-strings\u002F6.1-strings.md",{"type":761,"value":762,"toc":1157},"minimark",[763,767,772,793,816,822,826,832,853,857,867,876,898,902,925,939,943,981,990,1000,1016,1041,1045,1095,1099,1142,1153],[764,765,110],"h1",{"id":766},"strings",[768,769,771],"h2",{"id":770},"strings-are-objects","Strings Are Objects",[773,774,775,779,780,783,784,787,788,792],"p",{},[776,777,778],"code",{},"String"," is a class, part of ",[776,781,782],{},"java.lang"," (no import needed). Like any class, you can create one with ",[776,785,786],{},"new",", or with the shorter ",[789,790,791],"strong",{},"string literal"," syntax:",[794,795,800],"pre",{"className":796,"code":797,"language":798,"meta":799,"style":799},"language-java shiki shiki-themes github-light github-dark","String autoName = new String(\"BlueAlliance-Left\"); \u002F\u002F rarely used\nString autoName = \"BlueAlliance-Left\";              \u002F\u002F the normal way\n","java","",[776,801,802,810],{"__ignoreMap":799},[803,804,807],"span",{"class":805,"line":806},"line",1,[803,808,809],{},"String autoName = new String(\"BlueAlliance-Left\"); \u002F\u002F rarely used\n",[803,811,813],{"class":805,"line":812},2,[803,814,815],{},"String autoName = \"BlueAlliance-Left\";              \u002F\u002F the normal way\n",[773,817,818,819,821],{},"Both create a ",[776,820,778],{}," object; the literal form is what you'll use almost always.",[768,823,825],{"id":824},"strings-are-immutable","Strings Are Immutable",[773,827,828,829,831],{},"Once a ",[776,830,778],{}," is created, its characters can never change. Every method that looks like it \"modifies\" a string actually returns a brand-new one, leaving the original untouched:",[794,833,835],{"className":796,"code":834,"language":798,"meta":799,"style":799},"String name = \"Titan\";\nname.toUpperCase(); \u002F\u002F does nothing useful — the result is thrown away!\nname = name.toUpperCase(); \u002F\u002F this is how you actually keep the change\n",[776,836,837,842,847],{"__ignoreMap":799},[803,838,839],{"class":805,"line":806},[803,840,841],{},"String name = \"Titan\";\n",[803,843,844],{"class":805,"line":812},[803,845,846],{},"name.toUpperCase(); \u002F\u002F does nothing useful — the result is thrown away!\n",[803,848,850],{"class":805,"line":849},3,[803,851,852],{},"name = name.toUpperCase(); \u002F\u002F this is how you actually keep the change\n",[768,854,856],{"id":855},"concatenation","Concatenation",[773,858,859,862,863,866],{},[776,860,861],{},"+"," and ",[776,864,865],{},"+="," join strings together, and automatically convert non-string values into strings:",[794,868,870],{"className":796,"code":869,"language":798,"meta":799,"style":799},"String status = \"Auto: \" + autoName + \", step \" + 3; \u002F\u002F the int 3 converts automatically\n",[776,871,872],{"__ignoreMap":799},[803,873,874],{"class":805,"line":806},[803,875,869],{},[773,877,878,879,881,882,885,886,889,890,893,894,897],{},"Watch the order when mixing ",[776,880,861],{}," with numbers — it's evaluated left to right, so ",[776,883,884],{},"\"Score: \" + 1 + 2"," gives ",[776,887,888],{},"\"Score: 12\""," (each number appends as text in turn), not ",[776,891,892],{},"\"Score: 3\"",". Use parentheses — ",[776,895,896],{},"\"Score: \" + (1 + 2)"," — to force the addition first.",[768,899,901],{"id":900},"index-and-length","Index and Length",[773,903,904,905,908,909,912,913,916,917,920,921,924],{},"Each character has a position, or ",[789,906,907],{},"index",", starting at 0. ",[776,910,911],{},"length()"," returns the total character count — the last valid index is always ",[776,914,915],{},"length() - 1",". There's no bracket notation like an array's (",[776,918,919],{},"autoName[0]"," isn't valid Java) — getting a single character means using ",[776,922,923],{},"substring",", covered next.",[773,926,927,928,931,932,934,935,938],{},"Accessing an index outside ",[776,929,930],{},"0"," to ",[776,933,915],{}," throws an ",[776,936,937],{},"IndexOutOfBoundsException",".",[768,940,942],{"id":941},"the-core-string-methods","The Core String Methods",[794,944,946],{"className":796,"code":945,"language":798,"meta":799,"style":799},"String autoName = \"BlueAlliance-Left\";\nautoName.length();          \u002F\u002F 17\nautoName.substring(0, 4);   \u002F\u002F \"Blue\" — from index 0 up to (not including) 4\nautoName.substring(13);     \u002F\u002F \"Left\" — from index 13 to the end\nautoName.indexOf(\"Left\");   \u002F\u002F 13 — or -1 if not found\nautoName.equals(\"BlueAlliance-Left\"); \u002F\u002F true — compares actual characters\n",[776,947,948,953,958,963,969,975],{"__ignoreMap":799},[803,949,950],{"class":805,"line":806},[803,951,952],{},"String autoName = \"BlueAlliance-Left\";\n",[803,954,955],{"class":805,"line":812},[803,956,957],{},"autoName.length();          \u002F\u002F 17\n",[803,959,960],{"class":805,"line":849},[803,961,962],{},"autoName.substring(0, 4);   \u002F\u002F \"Blue\" — from index 0 up to (not including) 4\n",[803,964,966],{"class":805,"line":965},4,[803,967,968],{},"autoName.substring(13);     \u002F\u002F \"Left\" — from index 13 to the end\n",[803,970,972],{"class":805,"line":971},5,[803,973,974],{},"autoName.indexOf(\"Left\");   \u002F\u002F 13 — or -1 if not found\n",[803,976,978],{"class":805,"line":977},6,[803,979,980],{},"autoName.equals(\"BlueAlliance-Left\"); \u002F\u002F true — compares actual characters\n",[773,982,983,986,987,938],{},[776,984,985],{},"substring(i, i + 1)"," is the standard way to get just the single character at index ",[776,988,989],{},"i",[768,991,993,996,997],{"id":992},"equals-not",[776,994,995],{},".equals()",", Not ",[776,998,999],{},"==",[773,1001,1002,1004,1005,1007,1008,1012,1013,1015],{},[776,1003,999],{}," on a ",[776,1006,778],{}," checks whether two variables point at the ",[1009,1010,1011],"em",{},"same object"," — not whether their text matches. Use ",[776,1014,995],{}," to compare actual content:",[794,1017,1019],{"className":796,"code":1018,"language":798,"meta":799,"style":799},"String a = new String(\"Left\");\nString b = new String(\"Left\");\nSystem.out.println(a == b);       \u002F\u002F false — two different objects\nSystem.out.println(a.equals(b));  \u002F\u002F true — same characters\n",[776,1020,1021,1026,1031,1036],{"__ignoreMap":799},[803,1022,1023],{"class":805,"line":806},[803,1024,1025],{},"String a = new String(\"Left\");\n",[803,1027,1028],{"class":805,"line":812},[803,1029,1030],{},"String b = new String(\"Left\");\n",[803,1032,1033],{"class":805,"line":849},[803,1034,1035],{},"System.out.println(a == b);       \u002F\u002F false — two different objects\n",[803,1037,1038],{"class":805,"line":965},[803,1039,1040],{},"System.out.println(a.equals(b));  \u002F\u002F true — same characters\n",[768,1042,1044],{"id":1043},"common-pitfalls","Common Pitfalls",[1046,1047,1048,1061,1075],"ul",{},[1049,1050,1051,1057,1058,1060],"li",{},[789,1052,1053,1054,1056],{},"Using ",[776,1055,999],{}," to compare string content."," It compiles, runs, and gives the wrong answer far more often than it errors — always use ",[776,1059,995],{}," for strings.",[1049,1062,1063,1066,1067,1070,1071,1074],{},[789,1064,1065],{},"Forgetting a string method's result has to be used."," ",[776,1068,1069],{},"autoName.toUpperCase();"," alone does nothing — strings are immutable, so the result must be captured (",[776,1072,1073],{},"autoName = autoName.toUpperCase();",") or it's lost.",[1049,1076,1077,1082,1083,1086,1087,1090,1091,1094],{},[789,1078,1079,1080,938],{},"Off-by-one in ",[776,1081,923],{}," The ",[776,1084,1085],{},"to"," index in ",[776,1088,1089],{},"substring(from, to)"," is exclusive — ",[776,1092,1093],{},"substring(0, 4)"," gives 4 characters (indices 0-3), not 5.",[768,1096,1098],{"id":1097},"key-takeaways","Key Takeaways",[1046,1100,1101,1110,1113,1121,1133],{},[1049,1102,1103,1105,1106,1109],{},[776,1104,778],{}," is a class; string literals (",[776,1107,1108],{},"\"text\"",") are the normal way to create one.",[1049,1111,1112],{},"Strings are immutable — every \"modifying\" method returns a new string instead of changing the original.",[1049,1114,1115,1117,1118,1120],{},[776,1116,861],{},"\u002F",[776,1119,865],{}," concatenate, auto-converting non-string values to text.",[1049,1122,1123,1125,1126,1125,1129,1132],{},[776,1124,911],{},", ",[776,1127,1128],{},"substring()",[776,1130,1131],{},"indexOf()"," are the core methods, all indexed from 0.",[1049,1134,1135,1136,1138,1139,1141],{},"Use ",[776,1137,995],{}," to compare string content — ",[776,1140,999],{}," only checks whether two variables reference the same object.",[773,1143,1144,1145,1148,1149,1152],{},"Derived from ",[776,1146,1147],{},"csawesome-2026",": ",[776,1150,1151],{},"unit-1-using-objects-and-methods\u002F1.15-strings.md"," (CSA 1.15)",[1154,1155,1156],"style",{},"html .default .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-default);background: var(--shiki-default-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-default-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-default-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-default-text-decoration);}html .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-default);background: var(--shiki-default-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-default-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-default-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-default-text-decoration);}html .dark .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-dark);background: var(--shiki-dark-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-dark-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-dark-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-dark-text-decoration);}html.dark .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-dark);background: var(--shiki-dark-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-dark-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-dark-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-dark-text-decoration);}",{"title":799,"searchDepth":812,"depth":812,"links":1158},[1159,1160,1161,1162,1163,1164,1166,1167],{"id":770,"depth":812,"text":771},{"id":824,"depth":812,"text":825},{"id":855,"depth":812,"text":856},{"id":900,"depth":812,"text":901},{"id":941,"depth":812,"text":942},{"id":992,"depth":812,"text":1165},".equals(), Not ==",{"id":1043,"depth":812,"text":1044},{"id":1097,"depth":812,"text":1098},"md",{"outlineRef":1170,"status":1171},"6.1 — Strings (CSA 1.15)","new — authored lesson (fuller depth than the teaser slide)",true,{"title":110,"description":799},"CzlVUB-B15xl0HZeg0TIl43IYyfgPVENJg4K8AXJiYI",{"id":1176,"title":539,"body":1177,"description":799,"extension":1168,"meta":1543,"navigation":1172,"path":538,"seo":1546,"stem":540,"__hash__":1547},"examples\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexamples\u002Fch06-strings\u002F6.1-strings.md",{"type":761,"value":1178,"toc":1527},[1179,1182,1186,1193,1197,1214,1221,1262,1273,1280,1289,1295,1310,1320,1324,1329,1352,1356,1371,1374,1382,1390,1410,1436,1440,1460,1462,1468,1481,1485,1525],[764,1180,539],{"id":1181},"strings-worked-example",[768,1183,1185],{"id":1184},"problem","Problem",[773,1187,1188,1189,1192],{},"Your scouting app logs a station code like ",[776,1190,1191],{},"\"R2-1622\""," — a station and a team number, joined by one dash. Pull the two pieces apart, print a readable summary, and confirm the extracted team number matches the one you expected.",[768,1194,1196],{"id":1195},"step-1-plan-it-first","Step 1: Plan It First",[1198,1199,1200,1203,1206],"ol",{},[1049,1201,1202],{},"Find the dash and split the code into two pieces: station and team number.",[1049,1204,1205],{},"Build a readable summary string from the pieces.",[1049,1207,1208,1209,1211,1212,938],{},"Compare the extracted team number against an expected value with ",[776,1210,995],{},", not ",[776,1213,999],{},[768,1215,1217,1218],{"id":1216},"step-2-set-up-the-class-and-main","Step 2: Set Up the Class and ",[776,1219,1220],{},"main",[794,1222,1224],{"className":796,"code":1223,"language":798,"meta":799,"style":799},"public class StationCode\n{\n    public static void main(String[] args)\n    {\n        String code = \"R2-1622\";\n    }\n}\n",[776,1225,1226,1231,1236,1241,1246,1251,1256],{"__ignoreMap":799},[803,1227,1228],{"class":805,"line":806},[803,1229,1230],{},"public class StationCode\n",[803,1232,1233],{"class":805,"line":812},[803,1234,1235],{},"{\n",[803,1237,1238],{"class":805,"line":849},[803,1239,1240],{},"    public static void main(String[] args)\n",[803,1242,1243],{"class":805,"line":965},[803,1244,1245],{},"    {\n",[803,1247,1248],{"class":805,"line":971},[803,1249,1250],{},"        String code = \"R2-1622\";\n",[803,1252,1253],{"class":805,"line":977},[803,1254,1255],{},"    }\n",[803,1257,1259],{"class":805,"line":1258},7,[803,1260,1261],{},"}\n",[773,1263,1264,1266,1267,1269,1270,1272],{},[776,1265,776],{}," is created with a string literal — the normal way to make a ",[776,1268,778],{},", no ",[776,1271,786],{}," needed.",[768,1274,1276,1277],{"id":1275},"step-3-find-the-dash-with-indexof","Step 3: Find the Dash with ",[776,1278,1279],{},"indexOf",[794,1281,1283],{"className":796,"code":1282,"language":798,"meta":799,"style":799},"int dashIndex = code.indexOf(\"-\"); \u002F\u002F 2\n",[776,1284,1285],{"__ignoreMap":799},[803,1286,1287],{"class":805,"line":806},[803,1288,1282],{},[768,1290,1292,1293],{"id":1291},"step-4-extract-the-two-pieces-with-substring","Step 4: Extract the Two Pieces with ",[776,1294,923],{},[794,1296,1298],{"className":796,"code":1297,"language":798,"meta":799,"style":799},"String station = code.substring(0, dashIndex);    \u002F\u002F \"R2\"\nString teamNumber = code.substring(dashIndex + 1); \u002F\u002F \"1622\"\n",[776,1299,1300,1305],{"__ignoreMap":799},[803,1301,1302],{"class":805,"line":806},[803,1303,1304],{},"String station = code.substring(0, dashIndex);    \u002F\u002F \"R2\"\n",[803,1306,1307],{"class":805,"line":812},[803,1308,1309],{},"String teamNumber = code.substring(dashIndex + 1); \u002F\u002F \"1622\"\n",[773,1311,1312,1315,1316,1319],{},[776,1313,1314],{},"substring(0, dashIndex)"," takes everything up to (not including) the dash. ",[776,1317,1318],{},"substring(dashIndex + 1)"," with one argument takes everything after it, to the end.",[768,1321,1323],{"id":1322},"step-5-make-sure-the-team-number-isnt-empty","Step 5: Make Sure the Team Number Isn't Empty",[773,1325,1326,1328],{},[776,1327,911],{}," catches a code that was missing its second half:",[794,1330,1332],{"className":796,"code":1331,"language":798,"meta":799,"style":799},"if (teamNumber.length() == 0)\n{\n    System.out.println(\"Missing team number!\");\n}\n",[776,1333,1334,1339,1343,1348],{"__ignoreMap":799},[803,1335,1336],{"class":805,"line":806},[803,1337,1338],{},"if (teamNumber.length() == 0)\n",[803,1340,1341],{"class":805,"line":812},[803,1342,1235],{},[803,1344,1345],{"class":805,"line":849},[803,1346,1347],{},"    System.out.println(\"Missing team number!\");\n",[803,1349,1350],{"class":805,"line":965},[803,1351,1261],{},[768,1353,1355],{"id":1354},"step-6-build-the-summary-with-concatenation","Step 6: Build the Summary with Concatenation",[794,1357,1359],{"className":796,"code":1358,"language":798,"meta":799,"style":799},"String summary = \"Station \" + station + \" has team \" + teamNumber;\nSystem.out.println(summary);\n",[776,1360,1361,1366],{"__ignoreMap":799},[803,1362,1363],{"class":805,"line":806},[803,1364,1365],{},"String summary = \"Station \" + station + \" has team \" + teamNumber;\n",[803,1367,1368],{"class":805,"line":812},[803,1369,1370],{},"System.out.println(summary);\n",[773,1372,1373],{},"Output:",[794,1375,1380],{"className":1376,"code":1378,"language":1379},[1377],"language-text","Station R2 has team 1622\n","text",[776,1381,1378],{"__ignoreMap":799},[768,1383,1385,1386,996,1388],{"id":1384},"step-7-compare-the-team-number-with-equals-not","Step 7: Compare the Team Number with ",[776,1387,995],{},[776,1389,999],{},[794,1391,1393],{"className":796,"code":1392,"language":798,"meta":799,"style":799},"String expectedTeam = \"1622\";\nSystem.out.println(teamNumber == expectedTeam);       \u002F\u002F false — different objects, even though the text matches\nSystem.out.println(teamNumber.equals(expectedTeam));  \u002F\u002F true — same characters\n",[776,1394,1395,1400,1405],{"__ignoreMap":799},[803,1396,1397],{"class":805,"line":806},[803,1398,1399],{},"String expectedTeam = \"1622\";\n",[803,1401,1402],{"class":805,"line":812},[803,1403,1404],{},"System.out.println(teamNumber == expectedTeam);       \u002F\u002F false — different objects, even though the text matches\n",[803,1406,1407],{"class":805,"line":849},[803,1408,1409],{},"System.out.println(teamNumber.equals(expectedTeam));  \u002F\u002F true — same characters\n",[773,1411,1412,1415,1416,1418,1419,1422,1423,1426,1427,1429,1430,1432,1433,938],{},[776,1413,1414],{},"teamNumber"," was built with ",[776,1417,923],{},", not a string literal, so it's a different object from the literal ",[776,1420,1421],{},"expectedTeam"," even though both hold ",[776,1424,1425],{},"\"1622\"",". ",[776,1428,999],{}," compares object identity and gets it wrong here; ",[776,1431,995],{}," compares the actual characters and correctly reports ",[776,1434,1435],{},"true",[768,1437,1439],{"id":1438},"step-8-the-immutability-pitfall","Step 8: The Immutability Pitfall",[794,1441,1443],{"className":796,"code":1442,"language":798,"meta":799,"style":799},"summary.toUpperCase();                          \u002F\u002F does nothing useful — the result is thrown away\nString shoutedSummary = summary.toUpperCase();   \u002F\u002F this is how you actually keep it\nSystem.out.println(shoutedSummary);\n",[776,1444,1445,1450,1455],{"__ignoreMap":799},[803,1446,1447],{"class":805,"line":806},[803,1448,1449],{},"summary.toUpperCase();                          \u002F\u002F does nothing useful — the result is thrown away\n",[803,1451,1452],{"class":805,"line":812},[803,1453,1454],{},"String shoutedSummary = summary.toUpperCase();   \u002F\u002F this is how you actually keep it\n",[803,1456,1457],{"class":805,"line":849},[803,1458,1459],{},"System.out.println(shoutedSummary);\n",[773,1461,1373],{},[794,1463,1466],{"className":1464,"code":1465,"language":1379},[1377],"STATION R2 HAS TEAM 1622\n",[776,1467,1465],{"__ignoreMap":799},[773,1469,1470,1473,1474,1477,1478,1480],{},[776,1471,1472],{},"summary"," itself never changed — ",[776,1475,1476],{},"shoutedSummary"," is a brand-new ",[776,1479,778],{}," holding the uppercase version.",[768,1482,1484],{"id":1483},"recap","Recap",[1046,1486,1487,1495,1505,1510,1518],{},[1049,1488,1489,1491,1492,1494],{},[776,1490,778],{}," is a class; ",[776,1493,776],{}," here was created with a string literal.",[1049,1496,1497,862,1499,1501,1502,1504],{},[776,1498,1131],{},[776,1500,1128],{}," split the code into its two pieces; ",[776,1503,911],{}," checked that the team number wasn't empty.",[1049,1506,1507,1509],{},[776,1508,861],{}," concatenated the extracted pieces and literal text into one readable summary.",[1049,1511,1512,1514,1515,1517],{},[776,1513,995],{}," correctly compared the extracted team number to the expected value by content; ",[776,1516,999],{}," would have compared object identity instead.",[1049,1519,1520,1521,1524],{},"Strings are immutable — ",[776,1522,1523],{},"toUpperCase()"," had to be reassigned to a variable to keep its result.",[1154,1526,1156],{},{"title":799,"searchDepth":812,"depth":812,"links":1528},[1529,1530,1531,1533,1535,1537,1538,1539,1541,1542],{"id":1184,"depth":812,"text":1185},{"id":1195,"depth":812,"text":1196},{"id":1216,"depth":812,"text":1532},"Step 2: Set Up the Class and main",{"id":1275,"depth":812,"text":1534},"Step 3: Find the Dash with indexOf",{"id":1291,"depth":812,"text":1536},"Step 4: Extract the Two Pieces with substring",{"id":1322,"depth":812,"text":1323},{"id":1354,"depth":812,"text":1355},{"id":1384,"depth":812,"text":1540},"Step 7: Compare the Team Number with .equals(), Not ==",{"id":1438,"depth":812,"text":1439},{"id":1483,"depth":812,"text":1484},{"outlineRef":1170,"pairsWith":1544,"status":1545},"[`lessons\u002Fch06-strings\u002F6.1-strings.md`](..\u002F..\u002Flessons\u002Fch06-strings\u002F6.1-strings.md)","new — authored worked example (fully solved, walked step by step — not a problem to attempt)",{"title":539,"description":799},"W4W7aeNV4I0STLoU6HLEMyHRGLWlKR6Dl7Skmwr21wY",{"id":1549,"title":700,"body":1550,"description":799,"extension":1168,"meta":1863,"navigation":1172,"path":699,"seo":1865,"stem":701,"__hash__":1866},"exercises\u002Fshockwave-curriculum\u002Fexercises\u002Fch06-strings\u002F6.1-strings.md",{"type":761,"value":1551,"toc":1859},[1552,1555,1559,1565,1574,1579,1608,1614,1647,1671,1675,1681,1684,1740,1745,1792,1857],[764,1553,700],{"id":1554},"strings-exercises",[768,1556,1558],{"id":1557},"multiple-choice","Multiple Choice",[773,1560,1561,1564],{},[789,1562,1563],{},"Question:"," What does this line print?",[794,1566,1568],{"className":796,"code":1567,"language":798,"meta":799,"style":799},"System.out.println(\"Cycle count: \" + 2 + 3);\n",[776,1569,1570],{"__ignoreMap":799},[803,1571,1572],{"class":805,"line":806},[803,1573,1567],{},[773,1575,1576],{},[789,1577,1578],{},"Options:",[1046,1580,1581,1587,1593,1599],{},[1049,1582,1583,1584],{},"A. ",[776,1585,1586],{},"Cycle count: 23",[1049,1588,1589,1590],{},"B. ",[776,1591,1592],{},"Cycle count: 5",[1049,1594,1595,1596],{},"C. ",[776,1597,1598],{},"Cycle count: 2 3",[1049,1600,1601,1602,1604,1605],{},"D. It doesn't compile — you can't add a ",[776,1603,778],{}," and an ",[776,1606,1607],{},"int",[773,1609,1610,1613],{},[789,1611,1612],{},"Answer:"," A",[773,1615,1616,1066,1619,1621,1622,1625,1626,1066,1628,1631,1632,1066,1635,1638,1639,1642,1643,1646],{},[789,1617,1618],{},"Why:",[776,1620,861],{}," is evaluated left to right. ",[776,1623,1624],{},"\"Cycle count: \" + 2"," produces the ",[776,1627,778],{},[776,1629,1630],{},"\"Cycle count: 2\""," first, and ",[1009,1633,1634],{},"then",[776,1636,1637],{},"+ 3"," appends ",[776,1640,1641],{},"\"3\""," to the end of that string — giving ",[776,1644,1645],{},"\"Cycle count: 23\"",", not the sum of the numbers.",[1046,1648,1649,1659,1662],{},[1049,1650,1651,1652,1655,1656,1658],{},"B is wrong — that's what you'd get from ",[776,1653,1654],{},"\"Cycle count: \" + (2 + 3)",", where parentheses force the addition to happen before either ",[776,1657,861],{}," touches the string.",[1049,1660,1661],{},"C is wrong — string concatenation never inserts a space on its own; only characters actually written into the string appear in the output.",[1049,1663,1664,1665,1667,1668,1670],{},"D is wrong — Java automatically converts a non-string operand to text whenever ",[776,1666,861],{}," is used with a ",[776,1669,778],{},", so this compiles and runs fine.",[768,1672,1674],{"id":1673},"micro-parsons","Micro-Parsons",[773,1676,1677,1680],{},[789,1678,1679],{},"Problem:"," These lines, once correctly ordered, form a complete program that prints just the first letter of an alliance color.",[773,1682,1683],{},"Reorder the fragments below into a working program:",[1046,1685,1686,1692,1698,1704,1710,1716,1722,1728,1734],{},[1049,1687,1688,1689],{},"a. ",[776,1690,1691],{},"        System.out.println(\"Tag: \" + tag);",[1049,1693,1694,1695],{},"b. ",[776,1696,1697],{},"    public static void main(String[] args)",[1049,1699,1700,1701],{},"c. ",[776,1702,1703],{},"        String tag = alliance.substring(0, 1);",[1049,1705,1706,1707],{},"d. ",[776,1708,1709],{},"{",[1049,1711,1712,1713],{},"e. ",[776,1714,1715],{},"public class AllianceTag",[1049,1717,1718,1719],{},"f. ",[776,1720,1721],{},"}",[1049,1723,1724,1725],{},"g. ",[776,1726,1727],{},"    {",[1049,1729,1730,1731],{},"h. ",[776,1732,1733],{},"        String alliance = \"Blue\";",[1049,1735,1736,1737],{},"i. ",[776,1738,1739],{},"    }",[773,1741,1742,1744],{},[789,1743,1612],{}," e, d, b, g, h, c, a, i, f",[794,1746,1748],{"className":796,"code":1747,"language":798,"meta":799,"style":799},"public class AllianceTag\n{\n    public static void main(String[] args)\n    {\n        String alliance = \"Blue\";\n        String tag = alliance.substring(0, 1);\n        System.out.println(\"Tag: \" + tag);\n    }\n}\n",[776,1749,1750,1755,1759,1763,1767,1772,1777,1782,1787],{"__ignoreMap":799},[803,1751,1752],{"class":805,"line":806},[803,1753,1754],{},"public class AllianceTag\n",[803,1756,1757],{"class":805,"line":812},[803,1758,1235],{},[803,1760,1761],{"class":805,"line":849},[803,1762,1240],{},[803,1764,1765],{"class":805,"line":965},[803,1766,1245],{},[803,1768,1769],{"class":805,"line":971},[803,1770,1771],{},"        String alliance = \"Blue\";\n",[803,1773,1774],{"class":805,"line":977},[803,1775,1776],{},"        String tag = alliance.substring(0, 1);\n",[803,1778,1779],{"class":805,"line":1258},[803,1780,1781],{},"        System.out.println(\"Tag: \" + tag);\n",[803,1783,1785],{"class":805,"line":1784},8,[803,1786,1255],{},[803,1788,1790],{"class":805,"line":1789},9,[803,1791,1261],{},[773,1793,1794,1797,1798,1801,1802,1805,1806,1808,1809,1812,1813,1816,1817,1125,1819,1808,1822,1825,1826,1808,1829,1832,1833,1836,1837,1839,1840,1808,1843,1846,1847,1849,1850,1852,1853,1856],{},[789,1795,1796],{},"Why this order:"," The class header (",[776,1799,1800],{},"e",") and its opening brace (",[776,1803,1804],{},"d",") come first, then ",[776,1807,1220],{}," (",[776,1810,1811],{},"b",") and its own opening brace (",[776,1814,1815],{},"g","). Inside ",[776,1818,1220],{},[776,1820,1821],{},"alliance",[776,1823,1824],{},"h",") has to be declared before ",[776,1827,1828],{},"tag",[776,1830,1831],{},"c",") can call ",[776,1834,1835],{},".substring()"," on it, and ",[776,1838,1828],{}," has to exist before the ",[776,1841,1842],{},"println",[776,1844,1845],{},"a",") that reads it. The braces close in reverse order of how they opened: ",[776,1848,1220],{},"'s body closes (",[776,1851,989],{},") first, then the class's body closes (",[776,1854,1855],{},"f",").",[1154,1858,1156],{},{"title":799,"searchDepth":812,"depth":812,"links":1860},[1861,1862],{"id":1557,"depth":812,"text":1558},{"id":1673,"depth":812,"text":1674},{"outlineRef":1170,"pairsWith":1544,"status":1864},"new — authored exercises (Multiple Choice + Micro-Parsons)",{"title":700,"description":799},"fmtNDdgbh2S-oogCFgQD8hRuROijGibpML_wKiwpNaE",1790274944272]